ī„”ī„žī…„2ī…ƒī„ēī„›ī„šī…‚.ī„›ī…‚ī…žī„ŗ
ī„ĸī…„ī„˜ī„Žī„§ī…„ī„´ī…† ī…Ĩī„šī„Ž ī„¯ī…žī„Ēī„ĩ 2024
ī„ąī…„ī„—/ī„ąī…„ī„˜ī„ēī„ēī…„ ī„Ąī…‡ī„¸ ī„ ī„ēī„ēī„Ĩī„ĩ
ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē (ī„ē ī„ž)
ī„ē ī„: 3 ī„žī…œī„Ĩī…‡ ī„¸ī…žī„­ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„¸ī…žī„­ ī„‘ī…œī„›:100
ī„Žī…‹ī„Ĩ: ī„ģī„ĩ  ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ ī…Œ ī„žī…žī„Ĩī…‹-ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„“ī…žī„› ī…Ĩī„šī„Ž ī„ ī……ī„Š , ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ ī„¯ī…œī„ĸ ī…Ĩī„šī„Ž ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī…‹ī…ƒī„šī„š ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ ī„¯ī…œī„ĸ ī„ ī…Ĩī„šī„Ž
ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‡   ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ ī…Œ ī„Ē ī„ĸ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ē ī„ĩī…‡ ī…Ĩī„šī„Ž ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„‘ī…œī„› ī„ąī„ĩ ī„ąī„ĩ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
 ī„-ī„—
1.  ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„•ī„Ēī„š ī…ƒī„ģī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„   ī„Ŧī…„ ī„˛ī…†ī…ƒī„ŗī„› 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ļī…‡ī„œ ī…ƒī„ļī„œī…‹îĨĄ
2. ī„¯ī…œī…ƒī„§ī„Ē ī…ƒī„Žī…ƒī„œī„ļ ī„ąī„Ž ī„ĩī„ĸī„ĸī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ĸī…„ī„¸ī„Ž ī„ĩī…‡ī„œ -ī…ƒī„ ī…žī„Ēī„ĩ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĩī…ī„šī„Žī…„  ī„™,  ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„•ī„Žī…§ ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡
ī„´ī…‹ī„ī„Ŧ ī„Ž 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„žī…‹ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Ŧī„™îĨĄ
 ī„-ī„ąī…„
3. ī„¯ī…œī…ƒī„§ī„Ē ī„¸ī…Šī„›ī„Ĩ ī„ŗī……ī„œī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„ē ī„ĩ, 1 ī„ēī„Ēī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ ī…Œ 72 ī„Ģ ī„Ĩ ī„›ī…žī„¨ī„Š ī„Ŧ ī„Ēī„ĩī…„ī„›  ī„ģī…‰?
4.  ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„ĩ ī„ ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī…ƒī„ēī„­ ī„ī„Ē ī„Ŧī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ēī„Ģ ī„ĩ ī„Ž ī„ļ ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī…ƒī„œī„’ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ
 ī„-ī„ēī…„
5. ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡ ī„ĩī„ē ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‡  ī„ĩ ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ēī…„ī„Ēī„œ ī„Žī…„ ī„ ī„Ē ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ 2 ī„Ēī…‹ī„ĩī…‡ ī„Žī…‹ī„Ĩī…‡ī„šī„Ž ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„ļī„œī…‹îĨĄ
ī„”ī„žī…„2ī…ƒī„ēī„›ī„šī…‚.ī„›ī…‚ī…žī„ŗ
6. ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡  ī„Ļī„›ī…Ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‡  2 ī„ĩ ī„ ī„ ī„Ŧ ī„ĩ ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Ŧī„™îĨĄ
ī„ēī…‰ī„›ī„šī„Ž-ī„§ī…„
7. ī„Ē ī„ļ  ī„ĩ ī„Ŧ ī„ĩ ī„ĩ ī„—ī„›ī„ī……ī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī……ī„ī……ī„Ž ī„ļ ī„ĩī…„ī„ž ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„“ī„ē ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Ģ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Ž ī„ļ ī…ƒī„ļī„œī…‹îĨĄ
8. ī„Ēī……ī„ēī…„
ī„
ī„¯ī…œī„ĸ ī„ą ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„¸ī…žī„œ-ī„¸ī…žī„œ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„ē ī„ž ī„ ī„ą ī„ĩī…‡  ī„ĸ ī„Šī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‹? ī„ēī„¯ī„šī„Ĩ ī„Ēī…ī„ĩ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…žī„ēī…‹îĨĄ
ī„”ī„žī…„2ī…ƒī„ēī„›ī„šī…‚.ī„›ī…‚ī…žī„ŗ
ī„ĸī…„ī„˜ī„Žī„§ī…„ī„´ī…† ī„•ī…žī„Ēī„ĩ ī„ĩ 2024
ī„ąī…„ī„—/ī„ąī…„ī„˜ī„ēī„ēī…„ ī„Ąī…‡ī„¸ ī„ ī„ēī„ēī„Ĩī„ĩ
ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē (ī„ē ī„ž)
ī„ē ī„: 3 ī„žī…œī„Ĩī…‡ ī„¸ī…žī„­ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„¸ī…žī„­ ī„‘ī…œī„›:100
ī„Žī…‹ī„Ĩ: ī„ģī„ĩ  ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ ī…Œ ī„žī…žī„Ĩī…‹-ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„“ī…žī„› ī…Ĩī„šī„Ž ī„ ī……ī„Š , ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ ī„¯ī…œī„ĸ ī…Ĩī„šī„Ž ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī…‹ī…ƒī„šī„š ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ ī„¯ī…œī„ĸ ī„ ī…Ĩī„šī„Ž
ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‡   ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ ī…Œ ī„Ē ī„ĸ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ē ī„ĩī…‡ ī…Ĩī„šī„Ž ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„‘ī…œī„› ī„ąī„ĩ ī„ąī„ĩ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
 ī„-ī„—
1.  ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„•ī„Ēī„š ī…ƒī„ģī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„   ī„Ŧī…„ ī„˛ī…†ī…ƒī„ŗī„› 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ļī…‡ī„œ ī…ƒī„ļī„œī…‹îĨĄ
ī„•ī…žī„Ēī„ĩ:ī„ĩ ī„“ī„Ēī…„ : ī„ŗī…ī…ƒī„œī„› ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…žī…ƒī„˛ī„’ī„  ī„ĩī„› ī…Ĩī„ē ī„ĩī„Š
ī„’ī„­ī……ī…ƒī„Žī„› ī„Ēī„›ī„Žī…‚ī„ļī…‹ī„ĸī…„ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„¯ī…ƒī„ģī„ļī…‚ī„, ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„ŗī……ī…žī„œ ī„Ēī…ī„ĩ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ŗī…ī…ƒī„œī„› ī„ĩī…œī„¯ī„ĩī…‚ ī„ĩī…‚ī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„°ī…‰ī…ƒī„ļī„’ ī„ģī…‹ī„“ī„’ ī„ēī…„îĨĄ ī„ī……ī„ĩī…†
ī…ƒī„¸ī…ƒī„Ŧī„’ī„ĩī„Ģī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„­ī…‡ ī„ī……ī„ĩī…†-ī…ƒī„šī„šī„´ ī„ĩī…œī„¯ī„ĩī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„ēī„œī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī„Ž, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„ŗī…œī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ī„, ī„Ŧī„ĩī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„¯ī…œī„§ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡
ī„“ī„›ī…žī„Ļī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¯ī…‡ī„š ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī…„îĨĄ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„ī…„ī„Ē ī…ƒī„Ēī„•ī„ģī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„, ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī„ģī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĩī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…ī„ĩī…‚ī„Ž ī„ŋī…§ī…„ ī„Ŧī„ĩ ī„ŋī…§ī…„ ī„ ī„ļī…‡
ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„”ī„žī…„2ī…ƒī„ēī„›ī„šī…‚.ī„›ī…‚ī…žī„ŗ
 ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ĩ - ī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„Ēī„›ī„Žī…„ī„›ī…„ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ēī…„ - ī„šī„›ī„Ēī…„ī„šī…‚ī„ļī…„ ī„ēī…„ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„› ī„“ī„ēī„Žī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ĩī…‹ī„žī…‚ī„Žī…‚ ī„ĸī…„ī„¸ī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡
ī„ēī…žī…ƒī„˛ī„’ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ĸī…‹ī…ƒī„ŋī„’ ī„ĩī…žī…ƒī„œī„’îĨĄ ī„“ī„ē ī„ĸī„Ē ī„ĩī…œī„¯ī„ĩī…‚ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ĩī„Ž  ī„œī…‡ī„Ēī„ĩī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„šī…‰ī„ļī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ēī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Ēī…žī„›
ī„ąī„ ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ĩī„ģī…„ī„’ī„îĨĄ ī„“ī„ē ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„, ī„ŗī„šī…„ī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„ēī„›ī…Ĩī…„ī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Ēī…Œ ī…ƒī„ąī„Žī…‚ī„ , ī„šī……ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ "ī„ēī…žī…ƒī„˛ī„’ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩī„› " ī„Žī…‡ ī„ĩī„Ēī…„
ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¯ī„Ąī…‚ī„Š ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī……ī„ĩī…žī…ƒī„œī„‘ī„Ē ī„ĩī…žī…ƒī„œī„’îĨĄ
ī…ƒī„¯ī…Ĩī…œī„Ĩ : ī„Ŧī„ēī„Ē ī„¸ī…‡ī„žī…„ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĸ ī„ī„ĩī„Ē
ī„ĩī„Ē ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„Ąī„¯ī…‚ī„” ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„’ī„•ī„Š ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ, ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„Ŧī„ēī„Ēī…‚ī„¸ī…‡ī„žī…„ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ģī…‹ī„Šī…‚ ī„šī……ī„ĩī…† ī„ģī…‹ ī…ƒī„ī„’îĨĄ ī…ƒī„›ī„Ēī…‚ī„ąī…‚ī„, ī„ĩī„ēī…‚ī…ƒī„ļī„’ī„
ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„‘ī„ŧī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„ĩī…‚ī„ī…‚ī„, ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ēī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„“ī…ƒī„Ēī„ģī…‚ī„ē ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ļī…‡ī„œ ī…Ĩī„›ī…‚ī…ƒī„šī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‡ ī„šī……ī„ĩī…† ī„›ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…žī„Ēī…‡îĨĄ
ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„ēī…œī„›ī…‡ī„Ē ī…Ĩī„Šī…‚ī„ļī…„ī„’ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī„ēī„Ē ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ī„”ī„’ī„, ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī…ƒī„¸ī…ƒī„Ŧī„’ī„ĩī„Ģī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ĩī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī„ģī…„ ī„¨ī…œī„
ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„œī„Š ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„Ŧī„Ŧ ī…ƒī„ŗī„ļī…„îĨĄ
ī…ƒī„¯ī…Ĩī…œī„Ĩ  ī„Žī…‡ ī„Ŧī„ĩī„šī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ģī…‚ī„Ž ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ēī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩī…„ ī„ĩī…œī„¯ī„ĩī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ  ī„ĸī…‚ī„Šī…† ī„›ī„ĩîĨĄ
ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„ĩī„ēī…‚ī…ƒī„ļī„’ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…žī…ƒī„˛ī„’ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩī„› ī„ĩī„ēī…‚ī…ƒī„ļī„’ī„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„ēī„ĩī…‹ī„ģī…‚ī„, ī…ƒī„Ēī„•ī„ģī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ēī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī„ĩī…‚ī„ēī„Ē ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡
ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„ĩī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„Ēī…„îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ģī…žī„Ēī„ĩī„Ž ī„ēī…„ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„› ī„“ī„ēī„Žī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„šī……ī…žī„­ ī„ŗī…ī…ƒī„œī„› ī„›ī„ļī…‚ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„“ī…žī„›
ī…ƒī„ĩī„ĩī„§ ī„Ēī…‡ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„ēī„œī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„´ī…‹ī„ ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ž ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ąī„Ŧī„ļ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…žī„Ēī…‚îĨĄ
ī„ĩ: ī„•ī„ģ  ī„ž ī„ĸī…‹ ī„ģī„ĩ ī„žī„ĩ ī„Ēī…žī„› ī„ģī……ī…œī„ ī…„
ī„”ī„žī…„2ī…ƒī„ēī„›ī„šī…‚.ī„›ī…‚ī…žī„ŗ
ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„‘ī„ēī„ļ ī„¸ī…žī„§ī…‡ ī„¯ī…žī„­ī„ĩ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī…Ĩī„ ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ĩ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„šī……ī„ĩī…† ī„ģī…‹ī„“ī„’, ī„œī…‚ī„ē ī„›ī„ĩ ī„’ī„ļ ī„“ī…œī„§ī…„ī„’ ī„ĩ
(ī„ĩ) ī„Žī…‚ī„ļîĨĄ ī„ĩ ī„Žī…‡ ī„ļī…žī„œī…‚ī„ ī„žī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„ģī……ī…œī„ ī…‚ī„“ī„’, ī„“ī…žī„Ģī…Œ ī„Ēī…žī„› ī…ƒī„› ī„¯ī…ˆī„§ī…† ī„œī…‡ī„Ēī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„   ī…ƒī„ĸī…žī„Ģī…‡
ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„ēī„ĩī…‹ī„ģī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„ģī…žī„ēī…‚ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī…ƒī„ļī„’ ī„ēī…„îĨĄ
ī„ĩ ī„Žī…‡ ī…ƒī„Žī„´ī…ƒī„ŗī„Ē ī„Ēī…ī„ĩ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩī…„, ī„ļī…‹ī„›, ī„˛ī„ī„Ēī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ģī„ļ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„ĸī…‚ī„“ī„’îĨĄ ī„“ī„ēī„Žī…‡ ī„›ī„ļī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ
ī„ī…Ĩ  ī…ƒī„Ŧī…žī„Ēī…‚ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ĩī…‚ī„šī„Ĩī„ĩī…„ ī„ŗī…‚ī„Žī„Ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…žī„Ēī…„îĨĄ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī…Ĩī…ƒī„ēī…žī„­ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ēī„ĩ ī„ĩ ī…Ĩī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī„Š ī„ĩī…‚ī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ŗī„šī„ģī…†ī„ĩ ī„ģī…‹ī„—îĨĄ  ī„ēī„ĩī…‹ī…ƒī„Ēī„’ī„ ī„ļī„”, ī„ĩ ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„¯ī…ƒī„ģī„ļī…‚ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„‘ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„¯ī„› ī„ąī„Š ī…ƒī„ī„’ - ī„ĩī…‚ī„ī…‚ī„, ī„ēī…‚ī„žī…‚ī„
ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„œī…‡ī„Ēī„ĩī…„ ī„ī…„ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¯ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚îĨĄ
ī„ĩ ī„Žī…‡ ī„Ŧī……ī„ĩī„ļī…žī„˛ ī…ƒī„ĩī„ĩī…ƒī„§ī…œī„ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ  ī„ēī……ī„ĩī…žī…ƒī„œī„‘ī„Ē ī„ĩī…žī…ƒī„œī„’, ī„“ī„ģ ī„´ī„›ī…„ī„Žī…„ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‹ī„— ī…ƒī„› ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē
ī„‘ī„ļ ī„Žī…‚ ī„ģîĨĄ ī„“ī„ē ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„, ī„“ī„ēī„Žī…‡ ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī…ƒī„ĸī„› ī„ĩī„ī…‚ī„ ī„ļī„” ī„ģī……ī…œī„ ī„´ī…‹ī„ ī„ąī„Šī…‚  ī„“ī„ēī„Ŧī…‚
ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī„Ēī…œī„Ēī„ĩī…„ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ēī…‚îĨĄ
ī…ƒī„ēī„Žī…‡ī„ŗ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Ĩī…‰ī„ļī…„ī…ƒī„¸ī„žī„Ž: ī…Ĩī…ƒī„ēī…žī„­ī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ī„ļī„ĩ
ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī…ƒī„ēī„Žī…‡ī„ŗī…‚ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ē ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ŗī„žī„ąī…†ī„Ē ī…Ĩī„Ĩī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ ī…Œ ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„ĩī„ģī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī…ƒī„°ī„ļ ī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩī…„, ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡
ī„’ī„­ī……ī…ƒī„Žī„› ī„šī…‰ī„ļī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„ŗī„ļī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„˛ī…‚ī„šī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„œī…‡ī„Ēī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Ŧī„ĩī„šī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Ēī…žī„› ī„ģī……ī…œī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‡
ī„¯ī…ƒī„ģī„ļī…„ ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ļī…‚ī„ēī…„ī„›ī„ļ ī„­ī……ī„Žī…‚ī„ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„’ī„­ī…‚ī…ƒī„ĩī„Ē ī…ƒī„°ī„ļ ī„ī…„ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ĩī…‚ī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ĩī…‚ī„ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī…‚ī„ģī„ŗī„Šī…‚ ī„Ēī…‚îĨĄ
ī„Ĩī…‰ī„ļī…„ī…ƒī„¸ī„žī„Ž ī„Žī…‡ ī„“ī„ē ī„ģī……ī…œī„  ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ îĨĄ ī„Ŧī…†ī„ĩī„Ŧī„ĩī„šī„Ž ī„ĩī„ī…‡ ī„ ī…‰ī„Žī„ļī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„›ī„ļī…‚ī„ēī…„ī„›ī„ļ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„ēī„ĩī…‹ī„ģ, ī„ļī…‹ī„›
ī…Ĩī„Ŧī„ĩī„šī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī…Ĩī…‹ī„ī„ĩ ī…Ĩī„ēī…‚ī…ƒī„ĩī„Ē ī„Ēī…‡îĨĄ ī„ąī…‚ī„‘ī„Ŧ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ , ī…ƒī„Žī…ž ī„ĸī…„ ī„ ī…‰ī„Žī„ļī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī…ƒī„ĩī„˜ī…ƒī„ļī„Ĩī…„ ī„šī…‹ī„‘, ī…Ĩī…ƒī„Ē
ī„œī…‹ī„ĸ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ 
ī„
ī„Ĩī„§ī…‚ī„–ī„Ž ī…Ĩī…‹ī„ī„ĩ ī„¯ī…‡ī„š ī„Ēī…‡îĨĄ ī„“ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„ļī…‡ī„Ĩī„°ī…‚ī„ĩī„ŗī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„Žī„¸ī…ˆ ī„ī…‚ī„“ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„œī…‹ī„ĸ ī„Ēī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Žī…ī„ĸī„¸ī…‚ī„Žī…‚ī„
ī„ļī„” ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„•ī„Ēī„šī…‚ī„ģī…„ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„“ī„’îĨĄ
ī…ƒī„ēī„Žī…‡ī„ŗī…‚ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Ĩ ī„Žī…‡ ī„ēī„Ĩī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ēī„ĩ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ēī„ĩ  ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„Ēī…‡, ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ēī…ƒī„Ēī„ĩī„´ī…‹ī„
ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ī„ļī„ĩī„ē ī„¯ī…‡ī„šī…‚ ī„ąī„Š ī…ƒī„ī„’îĨĄ ī„“ī„ē ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„, ī„’ī„§ī…„ī„™-ī…ƒī„¸ī„žī…†ī„‘ī„ļ  ī„Žī…‡ ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…Ĩī…ƒī„ēī…žī„­ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡
ī„ļī„Ŧī…‚ī„“ī„› ī„Ŧī…‹ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„“ī„’îĨĄ
ī…ƒī„§ī„ĸī…„ī„Ĩī„ļ  ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„“ī…œī„Ĩī„ĩī„Žī…‰ī…ž ī„Ĩ:  ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Ŧ ī…ƒī„¸ī„šī„¸ī…„ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž
21
ī„
ī„ēī„Ŧī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ , ī…ƒī„§ī„ĸī…„ī„Ĩī„ļ  ī„Žī…‡ ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…Ĩī„ ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ąī„Ŧī„ļ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…žī„Ēī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„´ī…†ī…ƒī„Ĩī„–ī„ą, ī„ēī„Ĩī…Ĩī…„ī…ƒī„ŗī…œī„
ī„˜ī„¯ī„ē, ī„ēī„Ĩ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…‹ī„šī„ļ  ī„ĩī„ī…‡ ī„ļī…‡ī„Ĩī„°ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ļī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„¸ī„šī„¸ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī„¯ī…„ ī„Ŧī„ĩī„šī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„Ēī……ī„ĩī…œī„Ē
ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„ēī…‚ī„ī„Ŗī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„’ī…ƒī„ī„’ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„ĩī„Ē ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„“ī…žī„› ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩī…„ ī„ī…‚ī„“ī„Ž ī„ģī……ī„Š ī…ƒī„ŗī…œī„Ĩī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„Ŧī……ī„Žī…„ī„’ ī„ĩ
ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ēī……ī…ƒī„Šī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„Žī…ī„ĸī„¸ī…‚ī„Ž ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ēī„ĩ ī„¸ī…žī„§ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„›ī…œī„¯ī„Žī…„ī„’ī„ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„ĩ ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„ąī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡ ī„Ŧī„ĩī„šī„› ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„“ī…œī„ēī„Ĩī…‚ī„ī…Ĩ,
ī„ĩī…„ī„ļī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„šī„Žī„ļī…‚ī„”ī„Ž ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„ēī„ĩī…‹ī„ģī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ĩī„Ēī…Œ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„Ŧī…†ī„ĩ-ī„Ŧī……ī„ĩī…‚ī„§ī…‡ ī…ƒī„¯ī…œī„§ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„›ī„ļī„ĩ ī„ī…„ī„Ē
ī„ļī…‹ī„§ ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ŗī…‚ī„Žī„Ēī…‚ ī…Ĩī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„šī„Žī„ļī…‚ī„”ī„Ž ī…ƒī„Ĩī„–ī„Ĩī…‹ī…ƒī„ĩī„‘ī„ļ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĩī„ ī……ī„‘ī„ļ
ī„›ī„ļī…‚ī„ēī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…ƒī„Ŧī„’ī„ĩī„Ģī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„›ī„Ēī…‡  ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„œī„Š ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„Ŧī„Ŧ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„”ī„žī…„2ī…ƒī„ēī„›ī„šī…‚.ī„›ī…‚ī…žī„ŗ
ī…ƒī„§ī„ĸī…„ī„Ĩī„ļ  ī„Žī…‡ ī…ƒī„°ī„–ī„žī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…Ĩī„´ī…‹ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ  ī„•ī„Ēī„šī…‚ī…ƒī„ģī„Ē ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„‘ī…œī„Ēī„ĩī„ĩī…‚ī„šī„Ĩī„ĩī…„
ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ēī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ēī…ƒī„ģī„´ī…‹ī„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„ĩī…œī„¯ī„ĩī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī……ī„ĩī…žī…ƒī„œī„‘ī„Ē ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‹ī„— ī„Žī„¸ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„’ī„¸ī…‚ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„“ī„ē ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„, ī„“ī…œī„Ĩī„ĩī„Žī…‰ī…ž ī„Ĩ ī„Žī…‡ ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī„šī„¸ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī„¯ī…„ ī„ēī…žī…ƒī„˛ī„’ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩī„› ī„šī„›ī„Ēī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ąī„Ŧī„ļ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…žī„Ēī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„ēī…žī…ƒī„˛ī„’ī„  ī„ĩī„› ī„¯ī„Ą ī„Š ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī…œī„˛ ī„ļ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„˛ ī„ļ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„   ī„Ŧī…„ ī„˛ī…†ī…ƒī„ŗī„›
 ī„ŗī„Žī…‹ī„ĩī…œī„ĸī„Ž ī„Ēī…Œ ī„¸ī…žī„­ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ - ī„“ī„ģ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ĩī…‚ī„ēī„Ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī…œī„˛ī…‚ī„ļī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī…ƒī„ĩī„ĩī…ƒī„§ī…œī„ī…‚ī„, ī„ĩī…‚ī„ļī…‡ī„œī…‚ī„, ī„Ŧī„ēī„Ēī…‚ī„¸ī…‡ī„žī…„
ī…ƒī„°ī„ļī„ŗī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„“ī…œī„Ĩī„ĩī…ƒī„¸ī„– ī„ĩī…‚ī„ī…‚ī„, ī„žī„ĩī…‚ī…ƒī„Šī„’ī„, ī„ēī…‚ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…Ĩī„Ŧī„ĩī„šī„Ž ī„šī…‰ī„ļī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…ƒī„ī„’ī„Ž ī„ēī…œī„˛ī…‚ī„ļī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
 ī„Ēī…Œ ī…ƒī„ąī„Žī…‚ī„, ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ĩī…œī„¯ī„ĩī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„œī„Ē ī„ģī…‹ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ēī„ŽîĨĄ
 ī„ĩī…‚ī„šī„Ĩī„ĩī…„ ī„¯ī„Ąī…‚ī„Š ī„Žī…†ī…œ  ī„ŗī„žī„ąī…†ī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ  ī„ĩī…‚ī„ģī…„
ī„
ī…Ĩī„ēī…‚ī…ƒī„ĩī„Ē ī„Ŧī…‡ī„š ī„˛ī„ī„Ēī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ī…„ī„Ē, ī„˛ī„ī„Ēī…„
ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„œī…‡ī„Ēī„ĩī…„ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„ĩī…œī„¯ī„ĩī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī„Žī…‚ī„Ē ī„Ēī…ī„ĩ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī…žī…ƒī„˛ī„’ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ĸī…‹ī„ŋī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī…ƒī„Ēī„•ī„ģī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĩī…‚ī„šī„Ĩī„ĩī…„ ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„ī„ŗī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…ī„ĩī…‚ī„Ž,  'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī…ƒī„¸ī…ƒī„˛ī…œī„Žī„Ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„—ī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ŗī„žī„ąī…†ī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„ ī……ī„Šī…ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„žī…œī„ŗī…‡ī„¸ ī„ĩ ī„Ēī„ĩī…žī„›ī…„
ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…„ ī„ēī„ĩī…‚ī„Ē ī„˛ī…†ī…ƒī„ŗī„›ī…‚ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ąī…‚ī„¸ī„ĸī…†ī„Ŧ,  ī„ ī……ī„Šī…ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„  ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ĩī…„ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž  ī„ĩ
ī„›ī„ļī…‚ī„ēī…„ī„›ī„ļ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„ĩī…œī„¯ī„ĩī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļī…Œ ī…Ĩī…ƒī„ēī…žī„­ ī…ƒī„°ī„ļ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„¯ī…ī„¯ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī„ĩī„Ģī„Ž ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„’ī„Ĩī…‹-ī…ƒī„Ĩī„–ī„Ž
ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„§ī„ĸī…„ī„Ĩī„ļ ī„ēī…œī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī„Ž ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ēī„› ī„šī……ī…žī„­ī„Ēī…‚ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ž ī„žī„Ĩī…‚ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„Ēī…‡ī„žī…„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ąī„Ŧī„ļī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ĩī……ī„Ŗī…‚ī„Ž ī„ĩī„Ēī…„
ī„§ī…†ī…œī„žī…‚ī„” ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¨ī…žī„› ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„“ī„ē ī„ļī„”,  ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„žī…œī„ŗī…‡ī„¸ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„•ī„Ēī„šī…‚ī…ƒī„ģī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī…„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ - ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩī…„, ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡
ī„œī…‡ī„Ēī„ĩī…„ ī„ĩī…†ī„¯ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ąī„ĩī…‚ī„ąī„ĩ ī„ĸī„ī…§ī…‚ ī„Ŧī…‡ī„Šī…„, ī…Ĩī„ŗī…‚ī…ƒī„Šī„› ī„›ī„ļī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī„ĩī„Ģī„Ž ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī„ĩī„šī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ēī„›
ī…ƒī„¸ī„ĩī…‚ī„ēī„Ē ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī…ƒī„ēī…žī…ƒī„œī„‘ī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚îĨĄ
ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„Ĩ
ī„ŗī…œī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ģī…ƒī„ŋī„’ī„ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ļī…‰  ī„ī„ļī…‹ī„ąī„ļ ī…ƒī„§ī„ĸī…„ī„Ĩī„ļ ī„ļī…‡ī„Ĩī„°ī…‚ī„ĩī„ŗī…‚ī„ ī„Ēī…žī„› ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Ŧī…„ ī„´ī…‚ī„Ēī„ĩī…‚ ī„“ī„ēī„Ŧī…‡ ī…Ĩī„ ī…‚ī„ĩ
ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„   ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¸ī…žī„§ī…„ ī„˛ī…†ī…ƒī„ŗī„›ī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ŧī„ĩī„ēī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ĩī…œī„¯ī„ĩī…‚ī„ī„Ē ī„ēī…žī…ƒī„˛ī„’ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩī„› ī…Ĩī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī„Š ī„Žī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī……ī„ĩī…žī…ƒī„œī„‘ī„Ē
ī„ĩī…žī…ƒī„œī„’; ī…ƒī„¯ī…Ĩī…œī„Ĩ  ī„Žī…‡ ī„“ī„ēī„Ŧī…‚ ī„Ŧī„ēī„Ēī…‚ī„¸ī…‡ī„žī…„ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ēī…‚; ī„ĩ ī„Žī…‡ ī„“ī„ēī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…Ĩī…ƒī„ēī…žī„­ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„“ī„’; ī…ƒī„ēī„Žī…‡ī„ŗī…‚ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡
ī„Ĩī…‰ī„ļī…„ī…ƒī„¸ī„žī„Ž ī„Žī…‡ ī„“ī„ēī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…Ĩī„šī…œī„ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…žī„Ēī…„; ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„§ī„ĸī…„ī„Ĩī„ļ  ī„Žī…‡ ī„“ī„ēī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„¸ī„šī„¸ī…„ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ēī…‚îĨĄ
ī„‘ī…žī„ĸ,  ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ĸī…„ī„¸ī„Ž ī„ĩī…‡ī„œī…‚ ī„ĸī…Œ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰â€”ī„ĸī…‹ ī„Ēī„ļ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĩī„Ēī„ŗī…‚ī„Ž, ī„›ī„ļī„ĩ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡
ī„Ŧī„ĩī„šī„›ī…‚ī„, ī„ĩī„Ē ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī……ī„Žī…„ī„’ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ĸī…‹ī„ŋī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ  ī„Ēī…Œ ī…ƒī„ąī„Žī…‚ī„, ī„ĩī„Ē ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ēī„› ī„ĩī…„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…‚
ī…ƒī„ģī…žī„ēī…‚ ī„‘ī„Šī„ēī……ī…ƒī„Šī„’ ī„ģī…„ ī„ĩī„ģī…‡ī„ī…‚îĨĄ  ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ, ī„“ī„ģ ī„ŋī…§ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī„ĩī„ģī…žī„Ŧī…‚ī„ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ĩ ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī„ēī„Ē, ī…Ĩī…‡ī…ƒī„ĩī„Ē
ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„“ī„›ī„ĸī……ī…žī„Ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„”ī„žī…„2ī…ƒī„ēī„›ī„šī…‚.ī„›ī…‚ī…žī„ŗ
2. ī„¯ī…œī…ƒī„§ī„Ē ī…ƒī„Žī…ƒī„œī„ļ ī„ąī„Ž ī„ĩī„ĸī„ĸī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ĸī…„ī„¸ī„Ž ī„ĩī…‡ī„œ -ī…ƒī„ ī…žī„Ēī„ĩ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĩī…ī„šī„Žī…„  ī„™,  ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„•ī„Žī…§ ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡
ī„´ī…‹ī„ī„Ŧ ī„Ž 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„žī…‹ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Ŧī„™îĨĄ
ī„•ī…žī„Ēī„ĩ:펋‡ķˇ‹ˆķˇ‹‰ķˇ‹Šķˇ‹‹ķˇ‹Œī„šī……ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„ĸī…„ī„¸ī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„ēī„œī„ļ ī„”
â€ĸ ī„ĸī„Žī„ŗ:ī…ƒī„Žī…ƒī„œī„ļ ī„ĩī…œī„ĸī„Ž ī„ąī…‰ī„Žī„ĩī„ĸī…„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ĸī„Žī„ŗ 14 ī„‘ī„›ī„Ēī…†ī„ąī„ĩ 1931 ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„›ī„ļī„›ī…žī„Ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ģī…‹ī„“ī„’ ī„ēī…„îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„•ī„ēī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„¯ī„Ēī…‚, ī„ĸī…ƒī„Ēī…œī„Ŧī„ĩī„Žī…‚ī„Ģ ī„ąī…‰ī„Žī„ĩī„ĸī…„, ī„“ī…žī„› ī„šī…ī„›ī…„ī„’ ī…ƒī„ēī„Ēī…‚ī„ĩī„Ŧī„› ī„ēī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„¯ī…œī„ĸ ī„ēī…‚ī„ļ ī„Ŧī…„
ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„•ī„ēī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī„ē ī„ēī…‚ī„ž ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ĸī…‚ī„Šī…† ī„›ī„ĩîĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„Žī…Ž ī„ēī…‚ī„ļ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ĩ ī„Ēī…žī„›, ī„•ī„ģ ī„¯ī…ƒī„ģī„ļī…‚ī„ ī„ģī…„ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„’ī„ļ-ī„“ī…œī„§ī…„ī„’ ī…ƒī„ēī„Ēī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ŗī……ī„›ī…‚ī„ąī„ļī…‚ ī…ƒī„ĸī…žī„Ē ī„ ī……ī…žī„›ī…‚ ī„ēī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡
ī„’ī„ļ ī„“ī…œī„§ī…„ī„’ ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī……ī„’ī„ĩī…‚ ī…ƒī„Žī„´ī……ī„›ī„Ē ī„ē ī„Ēī…Œ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ēī„ĩ ī„ąī„Š ī…ƒī„ī„’ ī„ēī…„îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„•ī„ēī„Ŧī…„ ī„šī……ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī…ƒī„ēī„œī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„ŗī……ī„šī„Ēī…‚ī„› ī„‘ī„ļī…„ ī„œī…‚ī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ąī…‚ī„‘ī„Ŧ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ąī…„ī„ĩī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩ ī…ƒī„›ī„šī…‹ī„ĩ ī„ĩī…‚ī„— ī„ ī…ī„­ī„ĩī…„ ī„Ēī…Œ
ī„ģī…‹ī„”, ī„ĩ ī„•ī„ēī„Ŧī…„ ī„ē ī„Ēī…Œ ī„¸ī…žī„§ī…„ ī…Ĩī…‡ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„ģī„ĩ ī„žī„ĩī…‚ī„Šī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…Ĩī…ƒī„ēī…žī„­ ī„ī……ī„ĩī…† ī„•ī„ēī„Ēī…‚ī„Ŧ ī„‘ī„ļī…‚ī„•ī„Ŧī…„ī„Ž ī„œī…‚ī„Ž ī„Ēī…Œ
ī…ƒī„ŗī„ļī…„îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„•ī„ēī„Žī…‡ ī„•ī„ēī„Ēī…‚ī„Ŧ ī„ĩ ī„œī…‚ī„Ž ī„Ēī…Œ  ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī…Ĩ , ī…ƒī„ĸī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ī…‚ī„“ī„›ī…„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„šī…‰ī„ļī…„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„ąī…‰ī„Žī„ĩī„ĸī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡
ī„ēī……ī„ĩ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī…‚ī„ē ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…Ĩī„šī„Ĩī…„ī„›ī…‹ī„Š ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…žī„Ēī…‚îĨĄ
펊¨ķˇŠŠī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„šī…‰ī„ļī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī„ĩī„šī„Ž
â€ĸ ī„ąī…‰ī„Žī„ĩī„ĸī…„ ī„ĩ ī„šī…œī„›ī„ĩ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„‘ī„ļī…„ ī„‘ī„›ī„ąī„ĩ ī„œī…‚ī„Ž ī„¸ī…‚ī„ī„ ī„ģī…„ ī„ģī„ĩ ī„žī„ĩī…‚ī„Šī…‡ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ēī„ąī…œī„­ī„Ē ī„ēī„ŽîĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„•ī„ēī„Ŧī…„ ī„šī…‰ī„ļī…„ ī„“ī„ē ī„Ŧī……ī„’ī„ĩī…‚ ī…ƒī„ ī…œī…ƒī„Žī…§ī„Ē ī„Ēī…„ ī„ī„” ī„ēī…„:
o ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„§ī…†ī…œī„ž ī„”:ī„•ī„ģ ī„ģī„ĩ ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„‘ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ēī…ƒī„ŗī„› ī„´ī…‚ī„Ēī„ĩī…‚ ī„ĸī…Œ ī„ŗī…œī„Žī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī…„, ī„“ī„ēī„Žī…†ī…œ
ī„ģī…ī„ļī…„-ī„ģī…ī„ļī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…‹ī„ -ī„ē  ī„•ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī…„îĨĄ
o ī„Ēī„›ī„Žī…„ī„› ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡  ī„¸ī„Ž  ī„ ī„Ŧ ī„ēī…œī„Ēī……ī„ļī„Ž:ī„•ī„ēī„Ŧī…„ ī„ĸī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ąī…‡ī„Ŧī…‚ī„Ŋ ī„Ēī„›ī„Žī…„ī„›ī…„ ī„ģī…‚ī„ĩī„Ē ī„Ŧī…‡
ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„§ī…†ī…œī„žī…„ ī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī„Žī…‚ī„Ē ī…Ĩī„ī„Ĩ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī„ļ ī„ēī…„îĨĄ
o ī„‘ī„ļ  ī…ƒī„¸ī„› ī„ē:ī„•ī„ģ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡ ī„ļī…œī„ąī…‡, ī„‘ī…œī„Ēī„ĩī„ŗī……ī„œī…„ ī„‘ī„ļī„ē (ī„ĩī…‚ī„ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ģī…ī„ļī…„, ī„ī…‰ī„ĩ-ī„ļī„´ī…ƒī„ŗī„›
ī„ĸī…‚ī„Š-ī„¯ī„Ąī…‚ī„Š) ī„ļī„” ī„ŗī„šī„ģī…†ī„ĩ ī„ēī„ŽîĨĄ
o ī…ƒī„Ŧī„œ  ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…žī„Ŧ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„¸ī…žī„­ ī„ēī…†ī„œī„ŗī„Ē : ī„ēī„ļī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„•ī„ļī„Ĩ, ī„•ī„ēī„Žī…‡ ī…ƒī„Ŧī„œī…‚ī„¸ī…‡ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ĩī„ģī…‡ī„ž
ī„Ēī…‚, ī„“ī„ēī„Ŧī…„ ī„ąī„ĸī…‚ī„— ī„šī……ī…žī„­ī„Ēī…‚ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„“ī„ŗī…‚ī„Žī„Ŧī…‚ī„ĩī…„ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ž ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī…ƒī„ĩī„Ē ī„Ēī…‚îĨĄ
펙Ŗķˇ™¤ķˇ™Ĩî˜ƒī„š ī„Žī„Ŧ ī„ĩ ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„´ī…‹ī„ī„Ŧ ī„Ž
1. ī…ƒī„ēī„Ē ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„‘ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ēī…ƒī„ŗī„› ī„¯ī…ƒī„ģī„ļī…† ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ŋ ī„ēī……ī„ĩī„ĸī…„ī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž
ī„ąī…‰ī„Žī„ĩī„ĸī…„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ŗī…œī„Žī„Šī…‚ ī„ēī…„ ī…ƒī„› ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„ŗī„Žī…‹ī„ĩī…œī„ĸī„Ž ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ģī…‰ ī„ēī„ī…Œ ī„ē-ī„ąī…‹ī„­ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ĩī„ēī„Ēī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…Ĩī„Ŧī„ĩī„šī„Ž ī„‘ī„›ī„ēī„ĩ
ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ž ī„¸ī…‚ī„ī„ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī„ēī…†ī„ē ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī„Ž, ī„ĸī…‹ ī„Ŧī„ĩī„šī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„‘ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ēī…ƒī„ŗī„› ī„ĸī„ŋī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„´ī…‚ī„Ŧ
ī…ƒī„Ŧ
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī„ŽîĨĄ
2. ī„ĩ ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī…ƒī„œī„’ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ģ ī„ĩī„Ē
ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„ļ ī„ĩī…‚ī„ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī„šī„ļī…‡ī„šī„Š ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī„¯ī„šī„Ĩī„Ēī…‚ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„¯ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„‘ī„ēī…‚ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ž ī„´ī…‹ī„ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ēī…„îĨĄ ī„ģī„ĩ
ī„¯ī…‡ī„šī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ēī„ąī„› ī„¸ī…‚ī„ī„ ī„ēī…„ ī…ƒī„› ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„›ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„•ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„ĩ ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„Šī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī…„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„•ī„ģ
"ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ēī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ēī„ĩ" ī„ąī„Š ī„ī„—îĨĄ
3. ī„ī„ļī…‹ī„ąī„ļ  ī„Žī„Ē
ī„”ī„žī…„2ī…ƒī„ēī„›ī„šī…‚.ī„›ī…‚ī…žī„ŗ
ī„ąī…‰ī„Žī„ĩī„ĸī…„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„´ī…†ī„ĩ, ī„ĩ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„—ī„šī…„ī„’ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī„¯ī„› ī„Ēī…ī„ĩ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī…Ĩī„Ŧī„ĩī„šī„Ž ī„Ēī…‚, ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī…ƒī„ģī…œī„Ŧī……ī„ēī„Ēī…‚ī„Žī…„
ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„‘ī…œī„Ēī„ĩī„ĩī…‚ī„šī„Ĩī„ĩī…„ ī„Ŧī„ĩī„šī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Ēī…žī„› ī„ģī……ī…œī„ ī…‚ī„“ī„’ ī…ƒī„ī„’îĨĄ ī…ƒī„ŗī„–ī…ƒī„Žī„œ (1980) ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„šī…ƒī„ģī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ 
ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„ēī„ĩī…‹ī„ģ ī„‘ī„ĸī…‡  ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„§ī…†ī…œī„žī…‚ī„” ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…Ĩī…ƒī„Ē ī„ļī„” ī„´ī…‚ī„Ŧ ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
4. ī…ƒī„ĩī„› ī„ĩī…ƒī„§ī…œī„ ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ĩ ī„ēī„Ē
ī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„•ī„ģ 54 ī„ēī…‚ī„ļ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ŗī……ī„›ī…‚ī„ąī„ļī„Ēī„Ž ī„Ąī…‹ī„Ĩī…„ ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ģī…„ ī„ ī„ļī…‚ī„Šī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ī„—, ī„ĩ ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„
ī…ƒī„ĩī„ĩī…ƒī„§ī…œī„ī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„ĸī…‡  ī„œī„žī…‚ī„Žī…‚ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„ļī„›ī…Žī„ē, ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„ĩī…† ī…ƒī„ąī„ģī…‚ī„, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„ĩī…„ī„’ ī„­ī„Žī„šī…Ĩī…„ ī„ĩī„ī…‡
ī„˜ī„ļī„ąī„ŗ ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī„ļī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ŧī„ĩī„ēī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
5. ī„˛ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„œ ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ŋī…§ī…„ī„’ī„ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī…Ĩ 
ī„•ī„ēī„Ŧī…„ ī„“ī„ŗī…‚ī„Žī„Ŧī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„šī„ĩī„­ī…‚ ī„Žī…‡ ī„‘ī„Šī…ƒī„ī„Šī„Ē ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ēī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…Ĩī…‡ī…ƒī„ĩī„Ē ī„Ēī…‚îĨĄ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī…ƒī„ēī„Ēī…‚ī„ĩī„Ŧī„› ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡
ī…ƒī„¸ī…ƒī„Ŧī„’ī„ĩī„Ģī…„ ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī…ƒī„œī„’ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ļ ī„ĸī…Œ ī„•ī„ēī„Ŧī…„ ī…ƒī„ĩī„ĩī…ƒī„§ī…œī„ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„‘ī…ƒī„­ī„˜ī„Ž ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
펈ˇķˇˆ¸ķˇˆšķˇˆē펈ģ펈ŧī„¯ī„Ą ī„Š ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„šī„œī„ēī…„ī„‘ī„Ē
â€ĸ ī„ąī…‰ī„Žī„ĩī„ĸī…„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ 1984 ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„Ŧ ī„˛ī…†ī„šī„Š ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ēī„Žī„ŗī…‚ī…ƒī„Žī„Ē ī„Ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„ī„’ ī„ēī…„, ī„ĸī…‹ ī…ƒī„› ī„ĩī„Ē ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ē ī„Ēī…Œ ī„•ī…žī„ ī…‡
ī„Žī…‚ī„ī…ƒī„ĩī„› ī„ēī„Žī„ŗī…‚ī„Žī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ ī…Œ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī…Ĩī…ƒī„ēī…žī„­ī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ąī…‚ī„¸ī„ĸī…†ī„Ŧ, ī„•ī„ģ ī…ƒī„Žī„ŗī„ĩ ī…ƒī„ĩī„ģī…‚, ī„‘ī„›ī„ēī„ĩ ī„›ī…ƒī„ģī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī…„ ī…ƒī„› ī„•ī„ģ ī…ƒī„ēī„ĩī…€ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ŗī…‚ī…ƒī„­ī„‘ī„ŗ ī„ēī…„ ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē
ī„ĩī…‚ī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī…Ĩī„¸ī…‚ī…ƒī„ģī„Ē ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī…„îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„•ī„ģ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„šī…‚ī…ƒī„ēī„Ē, ī„ļī„ī„˛ī„ ī„Ēī„¯ī…žī„ē ī„ĸī…„ī„¸ī„Ž ī„ąī„Ēī…„ī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī…„, ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡  ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ĩī…„ ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē
ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī„ĩī…ƒī„¯ī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī…„îĨĄ
ķŊ†ĒķŊ†ĢķŊ†Ŧī„’ī„ļī…‹ī„ ī„Ž ī„Ē ī…Ĩī„šī…œī„ē
â€ĸ ī„Ē ī„›ī„Ē ī„:ī„•ī„ēī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Ŧī…„ ī„‘ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ēī…ƒī„ŗī„› ī„§ī…†ī…œī„žī…‚ī„”, ī„Ēī„›ī„Žī…„ī„›ī…„ ī„ēī…œī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī„Žī„Ēī…‚ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī„Žī…‚ī„Ē
ī„“ī„ŗī…‚ī„Žī„Ŧī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„ļī„” ī…Ĩī„šī…œī„ēī…‚ ī„Ēī…„ ī„ī„”îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„’ī„ļī…‹ī„ ī„Ž : ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ļī…žī…ƒī„ī„’ ī…ƒī„› ī„•ī„ēī„Ŧī…„ ī„šī…‰ī„ļī…„ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„’ī„Ē-ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī…„ī„œī„Šī„šī…„ī„ļ ī„ēī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„•ī„ē
ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ĩ ī„šī…œī„›ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Žī…‚ī„Ĩ ī…Ĩī…ƒī„Ē ī„Ŧī…„ ī„žī…‚ī„Ĩ ī„ēī…„îĨĄ ī…ƒī„°ī„ĩ , ī„“ī„ē ī„ēī…œī„ĸ ī„Žī…‡ ī„•ī„ēī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī…žī„›
ī„ēī„Ŧ ī„ī……ī„Š ī…ƒī„Ŧī…žī„Ēī…‚îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ĩ ī„ēī„Ē:ī„•ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ 20
ī„
ī„ēī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ē ī„Ēī…Œ  ī…ƒī„ēī„Ēī…‚ī„ĩī„Ŧī„›ī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ ī…Œ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ĸī…Œ ī„´ī…‚ī„Ŧ ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰,
ī…ƒī„ĸī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī„ļī…‚ ī„Žī…‡ ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Žī„¸ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„•ī„ ī…‚ī„”ī„’ī„ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ģī……ī…œī„ ī…‚ī„“ī„’îĨĄ
펊¨ķˇŠŠī…ƒī„ēī…žī„Ĩ
ī„¯ī…œī…ƒī„§ī„Ē ī…ƒī„Žī…ƒī„œī„ļ ī„ąī…‰ī„Žī„ĩī„ĸī…„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ĸī…„ī„¸ī„Ž ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī…Ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„šī„ĩī„­ī…‚ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„´ī…‚ī„Ēī„ĩī…‚ ī„ēī…„îĨĄ ī„›ī„ļī„›ī…žī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ąī…‚ī„ļ ī…Ĩī…ƒī„Ēī„˛ī…‚ī„šī…‚ī„ļī…„ ī„Ēī…Œ
ī„ļī…‰  ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī„šī„¸-ī…Ĩī…ƒī„ēī…žī„­ ī…ƒī„ēī„Ēī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī„› ī„Ēī…žī„›, ī„•ī„ēī„Žī…‡ ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩī…„ ī„ĩī…œī„¯ī„ĩī…‚ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī„Žī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ī„ŗī…‚ī„Ž
ī„Ēī…‚îĨĄ ī„•ī„ēī„Ŧī…‚ ī„´ī…‹ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ī„Ž ī…ƒī„ēī„ĩī…€ ī„•ī„ēī„Ŧī…‡ ī…Ĩī„Ŧī„ĩī„šī„Žī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ģī…„ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
, ī„ēī„ī…Œ ī„•ī„ē ī„Ēī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„•ī„ēī„Žī…‡
ī…ƒī„ēī„Ēī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ĸī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„‘ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ēī…ƒī„ŗī„›, ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ž ī„›ī„ļī…‚ ī„ĸī…Œ ī„ŋ ī„¯ī…ƒī„ĩī„˛ī…‚ī…ƒī„šī„Ē ī„Ēī…‚îĨĄ
ī„”ī„žī…„2ī…ƒī„ēī„›ī„šī…‚.ī„›ī…‚ī…žī„ŗ
 ī„-ī„ąī…„
3. ī„¯ī…œī…ƒī„§ī„Ē ī„¸ī…Šī„›ī„Ĩ ī„ŗī……ī„œī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„ē ī„ĩ, 1 ī„ēī„Ēī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ ī…Œ 72 ī„Ģ ī„Ĩ ī„›ī…žī„¨ī„Š ī„Ŧ ī„Ēī„ĩī…„ī„›  ī„ģī…‰?
ī„•ī…žī„Ēī„ĩ:펙ĸī„ļ ī…ƒī„¸ī„  ī„ĩ: ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ēī„Ēī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ē ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ēī…œī„˛ ī„¸ī„Ž  ī„ ī„š ī„ļ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ , ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ēī„Ēī„› (ī„‘ī„šī„Ĩ) ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  7 ī„ļ ī„ēī„ĩ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž:
ī„ē , ī„ĩī…‡, ī„ ,  ,  , ī„­ , ī„Žī…„
ī„ĩ ī„“ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ ī…Œ  ī„Žī…‹ī„Ĩ ī„¸ī…žī„œ-ī„¸ī…žī„œ ī„ĩī…†ī„¯ī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…Ĩī„ī„Ĩ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž:
â€ĸ ī„ŋ→ 2 ī„ĩ (ī„ļ, ī„šī……ī…žī„­)
â€ĸ ī„ → 2 ī„ĩ
â€ĸ  ī„â†’ 2 ī„ĩ (ī„šī……ī…žī„­, ī…ƒī„Ēī„ĩī…‚)
â€ĸ ī„­ → 2 ī„ĩ
â€ĸ ī„Žī…„â†’ 2 ī„ĩ
ī„ģī…‚ī„ļī…‚ī„ī…ƒī„›:
â€ĸ ī„šī„Žī…„ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ Pa ī„ēī…ƒī„Ģī„ĩ ī„ģī„Ž ( ī„ĩ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
)
ī„“ī„ē ī„ļī„” ī„“ī…žī„› ī„‘ī…žī„Ļī„¸ī…ˆ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„‘ī…œī„Ŧī„ĩ, ī„Žī…‹ī„Ĩī„ē ī„Ŧī…‡  ī„ēī…œī„˛ī…‚ī…ƒī„¸ī„Ē ī„ēī…œī„ĸī…‹ī„ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
펚†ķˇš‡ķˇšˆī„¸ī…Šī„›ī„Ĩī„ŗī…ƒī„œī„Ž ī„Ŧ ī„š ī„Žī„Ŧ ī„ĩ ī„ē ī„ļ
ī„•ī„ēī„Žī…‡ ī„¯ī……ī…žī…ƒī„Ąī„’:
펎‘펎’펎“펎”ī„ĸī…‡ ī„‘ī„ēī…„
ī„
ī„ēī…‚ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡  ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī…ƒī„Ģī„ĩ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‚ī„,
펎‘펎’펎“펎”ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ģī„ĩ ī„ ī…žī„ļī„Šī„´ī…‹ī„ ī„ēī„ĩ (ī„ĩī…‡, ī„ī…‚, , ī„­ī…‚, ī„Žī…„) ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ēī…œī„ēī„›ī„ĩī„Š ī„ ī……ī„Šī…‹,
ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„°ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„›ī…œī„Žī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ģī„Ĩī…‹ī…ƒī„Žī„› (7-ī„Žī…‹ī„Ĩ) ī„ļ ī„ēī„ļ ī„ēī…œī„˛ī„¸ ī„ģī„Ž?
ī„“ī„ē ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„ 72 ī„Ģī…‚ī„Ĩ (ī„ļī…‚ī„›ī„ĩī„Ēī…‚) ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
펙Ŗķˇ™¤ķˇ™Ĩî˜ƒī„š ī„Žī„Ŧ ī„ĩ72 ī„Ģ ī„Ĩ ī„›ī…žī„¨ī„Š ī„Ŧ ī„›ī„Ŧ-ī„Ŧī„ĩ-ī„›ī„Ŧ ī„Ēī„ĩī…„ī„›
펄§ķˇ„Ģī„ēī„Ēī„› ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ŧī…‹ ī„Ĩī…‰ī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„› ī„ĩī„§ ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¸ī…œī„§ī…‹îĨĄ
ī„¸ī…Šī„›ī„Ĩī„ŗī…ƒī„œī„Ž ī„Žī…‡ ī„‘ī…žī„Ļī„¸ī…ˆ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ŧī…‹ ī…ƒī„ģī…žī…ƒī„ēī„’ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¸ī…œī…ƒī„§ī„’:
ī„”ī„žī…„2ī…ƒī„ēī„›ī„šī…‚.ī„›ī…‚ī…žī„ŗ
â€ĸ ī„ĩ ī„ī„ (ī„ģī…‡ī„Ļī„ļ ī„Ĩī…‰ī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„› ī„ĩī„§)→ ī„ēī…‚ ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ī…‚ 
â€ĸ ī„•ī„Ēī„ĩī…œī„ (ī„•ī…žī„¯ī„ĩī„ļ ī„Ĩī…‰ī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„› ī„ĩī„§)→  ī„­ī…‚ ī„Žī…„ ī„ēī…‚
ī„ģī„ĩ ī…ƒī„ģī…žī„ēī…‚ ī„ēī……ī„Ēī…œī„Ēī„ĩ ī„Ēī…ī„ĩ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„¸ī…žī„œī„ĩī…‚ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ (ī„ēī…‚ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡  ī„ēī…ƒī„Ģī„ĩ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ąī…žī„§ )îĨĄ
펚†ķˇš‡ķˇšˆī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī„¸ī…œī„ ī…ƒī„˛ī…œī„Žī„Ē  ī„ (ī„ē -ī„ĩī…‡-ī„- )
ī„“ī…žī„Ģī…‡ ī„‘ī„ēī…„
ī„
ī„ ī……ī„Šī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‚ī„:
â€ĸ ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„›ī„ē ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ĩī…„
â€ĸ ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„›ī„ē ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ī…‚
â€ĸ ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„›ī„ē ī„Ŧī…„ 
ī„ĩ ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„Žī„´ī„ŗ ī„ģī…‰:
펎‘펎’펎“펎”Ga ī„ģī„ŗī…‡ī„šī…‚ Re ī„Ēī…Œ ī„•ī…žī„ ī…‚ ī„ģī…‹ī„Šī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī…„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„“ī„ē ī„ļī„” ī…ƒī„ēī„ĩī…€  ī„œī…‚ī„ē ī„ēī…œī„ĸī…‹ī„ ī„ģī…„  ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„ēī…œī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī…„ ī„ĩī…„-ī„ī…‚ ī„ēī…œī„ĸī…‹ī„:
1. ī„’ī„ĩ₁ ī„ĸī…„â‚
2. ī„’ī„ĩ₁ ī„ĸī…„â‚‚
3. ī„’ī„ĩ₁ ī„ĸī…„â‚ƒ
4. ī„’ī„ĩ₂ ī„ĸī…„â‚‚
5. ī„’ī„ĩ₂ ī„ĸī…„â‚ƒ
6. ī„’ī„ĩ₃ ī„ĸī…„â‚ƒ
ī„“ī„ē ī„ļī„” ī„ēī…‚ī„Žī…†ī…œ 6  ī„ĩī…„-ī„ī…‚ ī„ī„ĩī……ī…žī„¯ ī…ƒī„ŗī„ļī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„ģī……ī„Š ī„ŗī…‚ī„ ī„ļ 2 ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī„ļ ī„ģī„Ž:
â€ĸ ī„ŗâ‚ (ī„šī……ī…žī„­ī…‚ ī„ŗī…‚ī„)
â€ĸ ī„˜ī„ŗâ‚‚ (ī…ƒī„Ēī„ĩī…‚ )
ī„“ī„ē ī„ļī„” ī„ĩī„¸ī…‚ī„ī„ ī„ēī…œī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī„Žī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„:
6 × 2 = 12
ī„“ī„ē ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„:
펎‘펎’펎“펎”12 ī„¸ī…žī„œ-ī„¸ī…žī„œ ī„ĩī„¸ī…‚ī„ī„ ī„Ĩī„ĩī„Ž ī„ŗī…ī„ĸī…†ī„Ŧ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„”ī„žī…„2ī…ƒī„ēī„›ī„šī…‚.ī„›ī…‚ī…žī„ŗ
펚†ķˇš‡ķˇšˆī„•ī„Ēī„ĩī…œī„ ī…ƒī„˛ī…œī„Žī„Ē  ī„ ( -ī„­ -ī…ƒī„Ž)
ī„“ī„ģī…„ ī„Ēī„ĩī„› ī„ļī…‚ī„ī…† ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰:
â€ĸ Dha, Ni ī„Ēī…Œ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„ģī…‹ī„Šī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī…„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ģī„ĩ ī„ļ 3 ī„‘ī„ģī……ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž (ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ ī…ƒī„› ī„ĩī…„-ī„ī…‚)
ī„ēī…œī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī…„ ī„­ī…‚-ī„Žī…„ ī„ēī„ģ:
1. ī„§ī…„â‚ ī„˜ī„Žâ‚
2. ī„§ī…„â‚ ī„˜ī„Žâ‚‚
3. ī„§ī…„â‚ ī„˜ī„Žâ‚ƒ
4. ī„§ī…„â‚‚ ī„˜ī„Žâ‚‚
5. ī„§ī…„â‚‚ ī„˜ī„Žâ‚ƒ
6. ī„§ī…„â‚ƒ ī„˜ī„Žâ‚ƒ
ī„“ī„ē ī„ļī„”:
펎‘펎’펎“펎”6 ī„•ī„Ēī„ĩī…œī„ ī„ēī…œī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī„Žī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„îĨĄ
펙ĸī„‘ī…œī…ƒī„Ē ī„ēī„ļ: 12 × 6
ī„ģī……ī„Š ī…ƒī„ŗī„ļī…‚ī„™:
â€ĸ 12 ī„ĩī„¸ī…‚ī„ī„ ī„Ĩī„ĩī„Ž
â€ĸ 6 ī„•ī„Ēī„ĩī…œī„ ī„Ĩī„ĩī„Ž
ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ ī„ļī…‚ī„›ī„ĩī„Ēī…‚ (ī„Ģī…‚ī„Ĩī„ē):
12 × 6 = 72
ķŊ†ĒķŊ†ĢķŊ†Ŧī„“ī„ē ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„¸ī…Šī„›ī„Ĩī„ŗī…ƒī„œī„Ž ī„Žī…‡ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„‘ī…žī„Ļī„¸ī…ˆ ī„Ēī…Œ 72 ī„ļ ī„ēī„ļ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„—îĨĄ
펙Ŗķˇ™¤ķˇ™Ĩî˜ƒī„š ī„Žī„Ŧ ī„ĩī„ēī„ĩī„ļ ī„šī„ąī„Ŧ ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„š ī„Žī„Ŧ ī„ĩ ī„Ēī„ĩī„›
ī„›ī„ļī„¯ī„Žī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹ ī…ƒī„› ī„Ēī……ī„ēī…„
ī„
ī„“ī…žī„› ī„‘ī…žī„Ļī„¸ī…ˆ ī„‘ī…œī„› ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ĩī„Ēī…Œ ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ēī„› ī„¯ī…ī„ŋī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ ī„ĩī„ģī…‡ ī„ģī…‹îĨĄ
ī„Ēī……ī„ēī…„
ī„
ī„ĩī…žī„œī…‹:
â€ĸ ī„ģī…‡ī„Ļī…‚ī„ ī„ēī…ƒī„Ģī„ĩ ī„Ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„ī„’
â€ĸ  ī…ƒī„¸ī„ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„°ī„›ī„ē ī„Ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„ī„’
ī„”ī„žī…„2ī…ƒī„ēī„›ī„šī…‚.ī„›ī…‚ī…žī„ŗ
â€ĸ Sa ī…ƒī„ēī„œī„ĩ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…ƒī„Ģī„ĩ ī„ģī…‰
ī„ģī……ī„Š ī„Ēī……ī„ēī…„
ī„
ī„“ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„¸ī…žī„œ-ī„¸ī…žī„œ ī„ēī…œī„ēī„›ī„ĩī„Š ī„ ī……ī„Šī…‹:
â€ĸ ī„ŋ
â€ĸ ī„ī…‚
â€ĸ ī„ŗī…‚ī„
â€ĸ ī„­ī…‚
â€ĸ ī„Žī…„
ī„ĩ ī„ģī„ŗī…‡ī„šī…‚ ī„ēī„ģī…„ ī„›ī…Ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ( ī„Žī…‹ī„Ĩ ī„›ī…Ĩī…‚ī…ƒī„ēī…œī„ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
)îĨĄ
ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…‡  ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī„ļī„¯ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„´ī…‹ī„ĸī„Žī…‚ī„ąī…žī„­ ī„¨ī…œī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ĸī…‹ī„ŋ , ī„Ēī……ī„ģī…‚ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„ąī„ļī„ļ 72 ī…ƒī„¸ī„ļī…žī„œī„Š ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ēī„ļ ī…ƒī„ŗī„ļī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„Žī…‚ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ, ī„Žī…‚ ī„žī…žī„ĨîĨĄ
펚†ķˇš‡ķˇšˆī„“ī„ģ ī„Ēī„ĩī…„ī„› ī…Ĩī…ƒī„Ē ī„š ī„ļī…„ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī„ģī…‰?
ī„¸ī…Šī„›ī„Ĩī„ŗī…ƒī„œī„Ž ī„Ēī…Œ ī„¯ī…ƒī„ģī„ļī…‚ī„, ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„ŗī…ī„ĸī…†ī„Ŧ ī„ēī„Ž ī„ĩ ī„ĩī„ī…„ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„‘ī„ēī„¯ī„šī„Ĩ ī„ēī…„îĨĄ
ī„•ī„ģ:
âœ”ī„¸ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ēī„’ ī…ƒī„ī„’ ī„Ēī„ĩī„› + ī„ī…ƒī„Šī„Ē
✔ī„ēī…ƒī„Ēī„ĩī„´ī…‹ī„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ēī„› ī…ƒī„Žī„´ī„ŗ
✔ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ēī……ī„ĩ ī„ēī…œī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī„Žī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ĩ ī„Ēī…‚
âœ”ī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī…‚ ī„ēī„ļ ī…ƒī„ēī„ēī„Ĩ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„“ī„’ ī…ƒī„ī„’
ī„“ī„ģ ī„“ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Žī…„
ī„
ī„ģ ī„ąī…ƒī„Šī„’:
â€ĸ ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ī„Ĩī„› ī„ļī„ĩī„Ēī…‚ ī…Ĩī„Šī…‚ī„ļī…„
â€ĸ ī„ąī…‚ī„‘ī„Ŧ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„ģī…œī„Ŧī……ī„ēī„Ēī…‚ī„Žī…„ ī„Ģī…‚ī„Ĩ ī…ƒī„ēī„­ī…‚ī„ī„Ē
펙ĸī…ƒī„ģī…œī„Ŧī……ī„ēī„Ē ī„Žī…„ 10 ī„Ģ ī„Ĩ ī„ ī„Ž ī„ļ ī„ēī„ąī…œī„­
ī„•ī…žī„Ēī„ĩī…„ ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ , ī…ƒī„¸ī„šī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Žī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„“ī„Š ī„Ĩī„œī…œī„§ī…‡ ī„Žī…‡ ī„ąī…‚ī„‘ī„Ŧ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„“ī„ēī„Žī…†ī…œ 10 ī„Ģī…‚ī„Ĩī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ēī„ĩī„ļ
ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„“ī„’îĨĄ
ī„ĩ ī„•ī„ģ 10 ī„¸ī…Šī„›ī„Ĩī„ŗī…ƒī„œī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ 72 ī„ēī…œī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī„Žī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ ī…Œ ī…ƒī„ēī„ĩī…€ ī„ ī……ī„Šī…‡ ī„ģī…‹ī„— ī…Ĩī„Ēī…„ī…ƒī„Žī„­ī…„ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„“ī„ē ī„ļī„”:
ī„”ī„žī…„2ī…ƒī„ēī„›ī„šī…‚.ī„›ī…‚ī…žī„ŗ
펎‘펎’펎“펎”72 = ī„ēī…œī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī„Ž ī…ƒī„ēī„­ī…‚ī„ī„Ēī„› ī…Ĩī„Šī…‚ī„ļī…„
펎‘펎’펎“펎”10 = ī…ƒī„¸ī„ģī…‚ī„ĩī„› ī„ĩī„ī…„ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž
펙Ŗķˇ™¤ķˇ™Ĩî˜ƒī„š ī„Žī„Ŧ ī„ĩī„‘ī…œī…ƒī„Ē ī„ēī…œī„›ī„ļī…ƒī„¯ī„› ī„ē
ī„¯ī…œī…ƒī„§ī„Ē ī„¸ī…Šī„›ī„Ĩī„ŗī…ƒī„œī„Ž ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩ:
펎‘펎’펎“펎”ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ēī„Ēī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ēī„› ī„ēī…œī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī„Žī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„ģī„Ž
펎‘펎’펎“펎”ī„ēī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„¸ī…žī„œ-ī„¸ī…žī„œ ī„ĩ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
펎‘펎’펎“펎” ī„ēī…œī„ĸī…‹ī„ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ēī…‚ī„ĩī…ƒī„›ī„› ī„Ēī…ī„ĩ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„ī…ƒī„Šī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
펎‘펎’펎“펎”ī„ĩī„¸ī…‚ī„ī„ × ī„•ī„Ēī„ĩī…‚ī„ī„ ī„ēī…œī„´ī…‹ī„ĸī„Ž = 72
ī„“ī„ē ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„:
 ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ē ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ļ  ī„Žī…‡ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„‘ī…žī„Ļī„¸ī…ˆ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ģī…„ ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…œī„Ž ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
펄§ķŧŋ’ī„‘ī…œī…ƒī„Ē ī„ĸ ī„ą
ī„¯ī…œī…ƒī„§ī„Ē ī„¸ī…Šī„›ī„Ĩī„ŗī…ƒī„œī„Ž ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩ, 72 ī„Ģī…‚ī„Ĩ (ī„ļī„›ī„ĩī„Ēī…‚ ī„ēī„ļ) ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ēī„Ēī„› ī„Ēī…Œ ī…Ĩī„Ē ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ī„— ī„ģī„Ž, ī„ēī…‚ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡
 ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„°ī„›ī„ē ī„›ī„ĩ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĩī„¸ī…‚ī„ī„ (ī„ēī…‚-ī„ĩī…‡-ī„ī…‚-) ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„•ī„Ēī„ĩī…‚ī„ī„ (-ī„­ī…‚-ī„Žī…„) ī„Ŧī…‹ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ąī…‚ī„›ī…„ ī„ēī„ĩī…‚ī„ (ī„ĩī…‡, ī„ī…‚,
, ī„­ī…‚, ī„Žī…„) ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„’ī…ƒī„ī„’ī„´ī…‹ī„ ī„ĩī…†ī„¯ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ ī…‹ī„Š ī„›ī„ĩîĨĄ ī„ĩī„¸ī…‚ī„ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  12 ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„•ī„Ēī„ĩī…‚ī„ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  6 ī„ēī…œī„˛ī…‚ī…ƒī„¸ī„Ē ī„ēī…œī„´ī…‹ī„ĸī„Ž
ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„“ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ (12 × 6) ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ĸī…‹ī„ŋ , ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„ēī…œī„ī„ļ ī„‘ī„šī„Ĩ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ 72 ī„ļ ī„ēī„ļ ī…Ĩī„Ē ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ
ī…ƒī„¸ī„¸ī„ēī…ƒī„Ģī„Ē ī…ƒī„¸ī„­ī…„ ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ļī„›ī„ĩī„Ēī…‚ ī…Ĩī„Šī…‚ī„ļī…„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…ƒī„ēī„­ī…‚ī„ī„Ēī„› ī„’ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
4.  ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„ĩ ī„ ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī…ƒī„ēī„­ ī„ī„Ē ī„Ŧī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ēī„Ģ ī„ĩ ī„Ž ī„ļ ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī…ƒī„œī„’ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ
ī„•ī…žī„Ēī„ĩ:펋‡ķˇ‹ˆķˇ‹‰ķˇ‹Šķˇ‹‹ķˇ‹Œī„ĩ ī„ ī„ ī„Ŧ ī„ē ī„ ī…ƒī„ēī„­ ī„ī„Ē  ī„ģī…‰?
â€ĸ ī…ƒī„ģī…œī„Ŧī……ī„ēī„Ēī…‚ī„Žī…„ ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ , ī„ģī„ĩ ī„ĩī…‚ī„ (ī„ēī……ī„ĩī…„ī„ļī…„ ī„¨ī…‚ī„ī„ ī…‚) ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„Ēī…ī„ĩ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„Ŧī„Ž ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„ĩī…‚ī„Ē ī„Ŧī…‚
ī„“ī…žī„› ī„œī…‚ī„ē ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…žī„Ēī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„“ī„ēī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ē ī„Ēī…Œ ī…Ĩī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī„šī…‚ī„ļī…„ ī„ŗī…œī…ƒī„Žī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„“ī„ģ ī…ƒī„¸ī„šī„¸ī…‚ī„ē ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„­ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ē ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„¯ī…‡ī„š ī„Ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„ī„’ ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„ēī……ī„Šī„Ž ī„ļī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ŗī„Ž ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ĩī…‡
ī„§ī…†ī…œī„žī…‚ī„” ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ī…†ī…œī„ĸī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„•ī„ē ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ŗī„Žī…‹ī„Ŧī„šī…‚ (ī„ĩī„ē) ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„•ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„ĩ ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„“ī„ģ ī…Ĩī„Šī…‚ī„ļī…„ ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„ļī„” ī…ƒī„¸ī„ļī…žī„œī„Š ī„ģī…‰ - ī„¯ī…žī„Ąī„ŗī…„ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ŗī…‚ī…ƒī„Žī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„•ī„ļī„Ĩ, ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„ēī„ĩī…€ ī„ēī……ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚
ī„ēī…œī„ī…Ĩī…ƒī„ģ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ģī„Ž, ī„ēī„ī…Œ ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ, ī„ĩī……ī…žī„Ē ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī„Žī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ĸī……ī„ŋī…‡ ī„ĸī„Ē ī„ģī„ēī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
펊¨ķˇŠŠī…ƒī„Ŧī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¸ī…œī„§
ī„”ī„žī…„2ī…ƒī„ēī„›ī„šī…‚.ī„›ī…‚ī…žī„ŗ
24-ī„žī…œī„Ĩī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ ī…žī„›ī„ĩ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„‘ī…žī„Ļ ī…ƒī„Ēī…œī„Ž-ī„žī…œī„Ĩī…‡ ī…ƒī„ģī…žī…ƒī„ēī„’ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¸ī…œī…ƒī„§ī„’ ī…ƒī„ī„’ ī„ģī…‰, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĩī…‚ī„ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī„ē ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ēī„ģī„ąī…žī„­
ī„Ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„ī„’ ī„ģī…‰:
1. ī„ēī„ĩī…‡ ī„Ēī„ŋ (ī„ēī„ĩī…‡ 4 ī„ĸī…‡ - ī„ēī„ĩī…‡ 7 ī„ĸī…‡):
o ī„ĩī…‚ī„: ī„ĩ, ī„ĩī„ļī…„
o : ī„šī…‚ī„ī„Ē, ī„˛ī„ī„Ēī…„ ī„˛ī…ƒī„ĩī„’, ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ž ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī…‚îĨĄ
2. ī„ēī„ĩ (ī„ēī„ĩī…‡ 7 ī„ĸī…‡ - 10 ī„ĸī…‡):
o ī„ĩī…‚ī„: ī„Ĩī…‹ī„§ī…„, ī…ƒī„ąī„ļī„ļ
o : ī„Ēī…‚ī„žī…‚, ī„šī…‚ī„ī„Ē, ī„ĸī…‚ī…ƒī„ī…Ĩī„Ēī…„îĨĄ
3. ī„Ŧī…‡ī„ĩ ī„ēī„ĩ (ī„ēī„ĩī…‡ 10 ī„ĸī…‡ - ī„Ŧī……ī„¯ī…ƒī„ģī„ĩ 1 ī„ĸī…‡):
o ī„ĩī…‚ī„: ī„Ŧī…‡ī„šī„›ī„ĩ, ī„ī…ī„ŋ ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…œī„
o : ī„Ŧī…‚ī„ĩ, ī„–ī„ĩī„ĸī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ŽîĨĄ
4. ī„Ŧī……ī„¯ī…ƒī„ģī„ĩ (1 ī„ĸī…‡ - 4 ī„ĸī…‡):
o ī„ĩī…‚ī„: ī„ļī„Ēī…‚ī„Žī…„, ī„Ĩī„Ŧ
o : ī„’ī„Ē-ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī…„ī„œī„Šī„šī…„ī„ļ, ī„ī…œī„˛ī…„ī„ĩîĨĄ
5. ī„š  (ī„š  4 ī„ĸī…‡ - ī„š  7 ī„ĸī…‡):
o ī„ĩī…‚ī„: ī„´ī„ŗī„Ž, ī„ĩī…„ī„’
o : ī„ĩī…‹ī„ŗī…‚ī„ī…ƒī„Ĩī„›, ī„šī…‚ī„ī„Ē, ī„˛ī„ī„Ēī…„ ī„˛ī…ƒī„ĩī„’îĨĄ
6. ī„ĩ ī„Ē (ī„š  7 ī„ĸī…‡ - ī„ĩ ī„Ē 10 ī„ĸī…‡):
o ī„ĩī…‚ī„: ī„Ŧī…‚ī„ĩ, ī„ąī…‚ī„ī…‡ī„šī…Ĩī…„
o : ī„œī……ī„šī„Žī……ī„ŗī…‚, ī„šī…‚ī„ī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī…‚îĨĄ
7. ī„Ŧī…‡ī„ĩ ī„ĩ ī„Ē (ī„ĩ ī„Ē 10 ī„ĸī…‡ - 1 ī„ĸī…‡):
o ī„ĩī…‚ī„: ī„ļī„›ī…Žī„ē, ī„Ŧī„ĩī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„›ī„Žī„ŋī…‚
o ī„ŗī„Žī…‹ī„Ŧī„šī…‚: ī„§ī…†ī…œī„žī…‚, ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ž ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī…‚, ī„ī…œī„˛ī…„ī„ĩîĨĄ
8. ī„‘ī…žī„­ī…„ ī„ĩ ī„Ē ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ēī„ĩ ī„Ēī…žī„› (ī„ēī„ĩī…‡ 1 ī„ĸī…‡ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ēī„ĩī…‡ 4 ī„ĸī…‡ ī„Ēī…žī„›):
o ī„ĩī…‚ī„: ī„ĸī…‹ī„, ī„šī……ī…žī„­ ī„›ī…ƒī„ļī„’ī„Š
o : ī„ĩī„ģī…žī„ē, ī„šī…‚ī„ī„ĒîĨĄ
펙Ŗķˇ™¤ķˇ™Ĩî˜ƒī„š ī„Žī„Ŧ ī„ĩī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„ēī„­ ī„ī„Ē ī„Ŧ ī„’ī„­ ī„ĩ
1. ī„ŗī„Žī…‹ī…ƒī„¸ī…ƒī„ī„’ī„Žī„›:ī„ŗī„Žī……ī…ž ī„œī…„ ī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī„Žī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„Ŧī„Ž ī„ĩ ī„¸ī…žī„œī…‹-ī„¸ī…žī„œī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Žâ€”ī„ēī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„šī…‚ī„ī„Ēī…„, ī„Ŧī……ī„¯ī…ƒī„ģī„ĩ
ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ēī…„ī„ąī„ĩī„Ēī…‚, ī„šī…‚ī„ŗ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ĩī…‹ī„ŗī…‚ī„ī„ē, ī„‘ī…žī„­ī…„ ī„ĩī…‚ī„Ē ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„’ī„Ē-ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī…„ī„œī„ŠîĨĄ ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„“ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„ŗī…†ī„§ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ļ ī„œī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‡
ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
2. ī…ƒī„¸ī…ƒī„ī„’ī„Žī„›:ī„ēī…†ī„ĩī„ĸ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī…ƒī„Ģī„Ēī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĩī…ī„šī„Žī…„, ī„Ēī…‚ī„¯ī„ŗī…‚ī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„¸ī…‚ī„´ī…†ī„ŗī…œī„§ī„ļ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ąī„Ŧī„ļī…‚ī„‘ ī„ŗī„Žī……ī…ž ī„œī…„
ī„ŗī„Žī…‹ī…ƒī„¸ī…ƒī„ī„’ī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„’ī„¸ī…‚ī„ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…Ĩī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
3. ī„‘ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ēī…ƒī„ŗī„›:ī…Ĩī…‚ī„ ī…„ī„Ž ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ēī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ŗī…œī„Žī„Šī…‚ ī„ēī…„ ī…ƒī„› ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„ąī…Ĩī…ƒī„ģī„ŗī…œī„§ī…„ ī„›ī…œī„¯ī„Ž ī„ēī„Ž, ī…ƒī„ĸī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ŧī„ĩī„Ē
ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„“ī„›ī„ēī……ī„ĩī„Ēī…‚ ī„ļī„”  ī„œī…‚ī„ē ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ē ī„Ēī…Œ  ī„¨ī…œī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī…Ĩī„ī„Ĩ ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
펈ˇķˇˆ¸ķˇˆšķˇˆē펈ģ펈ŧī„ĩ ī„ ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„•ī„Žī…§ ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„•ī„Ŧ ī„ģī„ĩī„Š ī„
â€ĸ ī„ĩ ī„ ī„ĩ:ī„ēī„ĩī…‡ ī„Ēī„ŋ, ī„šī„ĩī„­ī…‚ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„šī…‚ī„ī„Ēī…„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī„Žī…‚ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ĩ ī„ ī„´ī„ŗī„Ž:ī„šī…‚ī„ŗ, ī„ĩī…‹ī„ŗī…‚ī„ī„ē ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„šī…‚ī„ī„Ēī…„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…Ĩī„Ēī…„ī„›îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ĩ ī„ ī„ļī„›ī…Žī„ē:ī„‘ī…žī„­ī…„ ī„ĩī…‚ī„Ē, ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ž, ī„ĩī„ģī…žī„ē ī„ģī…ī„ļ ī…ƒī„ēī„ĩī„ĸī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„”ī„žī…„2ī…ƒī„ēī„›ī„šī…‚.ī„›ī…‚ī…žī„ŗ
â€ĸ ī„ĩ ī„ ī„Ŧī„ĩī„ą ī„ĩī…„ ī„› ī„Žī„ŋ:ī„Ŧī…‡ī„ĩ ī„ĩī…‚ī„Ē, ī„ī…œī„˛ī…„ī„ĩ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„’ī„Ē-ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī…„ī„œī„ŠîĨĄ
ķŊ†ĒķŊ†ĢķŊ†Ŧī„‘ī…žī„ĸ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ē ī„ĩī„Ģī„›ī„Ē
â€ĸ ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„ēī„ĩī…‹ī„ģī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ , ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ēī„ĩ ī„‘ī„›ī„ēī„ĩ ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„ēī„­ī…‚ī„ī„Ē ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī…ƒī„Ēī„ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī„Ŧī…‡
ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„›ī…†ī„ļ ī„ĩī…‚ī„ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ ī…‹ī„Š ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ģī…‚ī„ļī…‚ī„ī…ƒī„›, ī„’ī„­ī……ī…ƒī„Žī„› ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ , ī…ƒī„Žī„šī…ƒī„ ī„Ē ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„ēī„ĩī…‹ī„ģ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„ĩī„ĩī…ƒī„§ī…œī„ī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‡  ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ
ī„ļī„ąī„­ ī„ģī…‹ī„Š ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ, ī„ēī„ŧī„Ē ī„ļī„Šī…‚ ī…ƒī„¨ī…žī„ļī…„  ī„ī„” ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī…ƒī„°ī„ĩ , ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ēī„ĩ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī„ĩī…‹ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī„ēī…†ī„ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī…ƒī„› ī„ĩī…‚ī„ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„­ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ē ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ
'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„¯ī…‡ī„š ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĸī…‚ī„Š 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĩī…‡ ī„šī„›ī„Ēī…„ī„šī…‚ī„ļī…„ ī„ļī…žī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
펊¨ķˇŠŠī„’ī„ļī…‹ī„ ī„Ž ī„Ē ī…ƒī„¸ī„šī„ļī…‡ī„šī„Š
ī„Ē ī„›ī„Ē
â€ĸ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī„ĩī…‹ī…ƒī„Ēī„’ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī„Žī…‚ī„Ē ī„ēī„ąī…œī„­ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„§ī…†ī…œī„žī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī…Ĩī„Ŧī„ĩī„šī„Ž ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ĩī…œī„¯ī„ĩī…‚ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ž ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī……ī„ĩī…žī…ƒī„œī„‘ī„Ē ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„‘ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ēī…ƒī„ŗī„› ī„¯ī…ƒī„ģī„ļī…† ī„Žī…†ī…œ 
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„ē  ī„
â€ĸ ī„‘ī…žī„ĸ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī„šī„¸ī…„ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„ēī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ , ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī„ŧī„Ē ī„ļī„Šī…‚ ī„‘ī…ƒī„¸ī„¸ī„ģī…‚ī„ĩī„› ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī…ƒī„ĩī„ĩī„§ ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‡  ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī„ ī„ļī…‚ī„“ī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„ēī„­ī…‚ī„ī„Ē ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…Ĩ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ
ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ  ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„Ŧī„ļī…„ī„ļ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī…ƒī„› ī„ĩī…‚ī„ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī„Žī…‚ī„Ē ī„šī„›ī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
펋‡ķˇ‹ˆķˇ‹‰ķˇ‹Šķˇ‹‹ķˇ‹Œī…ƒī„ēī…žī„Ĩ
ī„ĩī…‚ī„ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„ēī„­ī…‚ī„ī„Ē ī„­ī……ī„Žī…„, ī…ƒī„¸ī…ƒī„ī„’ī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī„Žī…‚ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ēī……ī…œī„Ŧī„ĩ ī…ƒī„ŗī„šī„ĩī„Š ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„Ŧī„ĩī„ēī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī…ƒī„›ī„¸ī…ˆ
ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī…ƒī„ēī„ĩī…€ ī„ēī……ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ģī…‰, ī„ēī„ī…Œ ī„Ŧī„ĩī„Ē ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ŗī„Žī……ī…ž ī„œī…„ ī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī„Žī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„“ī„›ī„ēī……ī„ĩī„Ēī…‚ ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡
ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī…ƒī„› ī„’ī„­ī……ī…ƒī„Žī„› ī„ĸī…„ī„¸ī„Ž ī„Žī…‡ ī„ēī„ŧī„Ēī…„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ļī„Šī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ŗī……ī„šī„›ī„ļ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…žī„Ēī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī…€ī„ļī„ē ī„ēī„Ŧ ī„ĩī…ƒī„ģī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰:
ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„ē ī„Ēī…Œ ī„šī„›ī„Ēī…„ī„šī…‚ī„ļī…„ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ąī…Ĩī…ƒī„ģī„ŗī…œī„§ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ēī…‚ī„ļ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„¸ī…ƒī„ģī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
 ī„-ī„ēī…„
5. ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡ ī„ĩī„ē ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‡  ī„ĩ ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ēī…„ī„Ēī„œ ī„Žī…„ ī„ ī„Ē ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ 2 ī„Ēī…‹ī„ĩī…‡ ī„Žī…‹ī„Ĩī…‡ī„šī„Ž ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„ļī„œī…‹îĨĄ
ī„•ī…žī„Ēī„ĩ: 펙ĸī„ē ī„ļ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗī„Š (ī„ēī„ĩī„ļ ī„šī„ąī„Ŧ ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ )
ī„ēī„ļ ī„›ī…ƒī„ģī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰:
ī„”ī„žī…„2ī…ƒī„ēī„›ī„šī…‚.ī„›ī…‚ī…žī„ŗ
"ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡ ī„ĩī„ē ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‡  ī„ĩ ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ēī…„ī„Ēī„œ ī„Žī…„ ī„ ī„Ē ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ 2 ī„Ēī…‹ī„ĩī…‡ ī„Žī…‹ī„Ĩī…‡ī„šī„Ž ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„ļī„œī…‹îĨĄ"
ī„“ī„ē ī„ļī„” ī„Ēī……ī„ģī…‚ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„Ēī…œī„Ž ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‡ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī…„ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž:
1. ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡ ī…ƒī„ēī„ļī…‡ī„ąī„ē ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ ī…Œ   ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„ ī……ī„Šī…‹ (ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ ī…ƒī„› ī„´ī„ŗī„Ž, ī„ĩ, , ī…ƒī„ąī„ļī„ļ ī„’ī…ƒī„Ŧ)îĨĄ
2. ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ēī…„ī„Ēī„œī…‚ī„Žī…„ ī„ī…‚ī„Ē (ī…ƒī„Ēī…œī„Žī„Ēī…‚ī„ļ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ģī…ī„ļī…„ ī„ēī…‚ī„ž ī„ĩī„ ī„Žī…‚) ī…ƒī„ļī„œī…‹îĨĄ
3. ī„Ŧī…‹ ī„Ēī…‹ī„ĩī…‚ ī…ƒī„ļī„œī…‹ (ī„Ąī…‹ī„Ĩī…‡ ī„Ēī…‡ī„ž ī„ēī……ī„ĩī…„ī„ļī…‡ ī„ĩī…‡ ī„¯ī…ƒī„ĩī„ĩī„Ēī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„ĩī„Ēī…‡ ī„ī„— ī„ģī„Ž)
펎‘펎’펎“펎”ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„›ī…‡ī„Ē ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  (ī„ēī„ĩī„ī„ŗ + ī„Ēī…‚ī„ļ ī„ąī„Šī„Ēī„ĩ)
펚†ķˇš‡ķˇšˆī„ŗī„ēī…„ī„Ēī„œ ī„Žī…„ ī„ī…‰ī„Ĩ  ī„ģī…‰? (ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„ēī„ĩī„ļ)
ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ēī…„ī„Ēī„œī…‚ī„Žī…„ ī„ī„Ĩ ī„ģī…‰:
â€ĸ ī„“ī…žī„›  (ī…ƒī„¸ī„ļī…œī…ƒī„ąī„Ĩ) ī„ĩī„ ī„Žī…‚
â€ĸ ī„Ēī…„
ī„
ī„Ēī…‚ī„ļ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„œī…‡ī…ƒī„§ī„’ ī…ƒī„ī„’ (16 ī„ąī…„ī„Ĩī„ē)
â€ĸ ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ī„Ēī„ĩ ī…ƒī„ēī„Ēī…‚ī„ĩ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…‚ī„ž ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ēī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰
â€ĸ ī„ēī……ī…œī„Ŧī„ĩ, ī…ƒī„¸ī„ēī…ƒī„Ēī…Ĩī„Ē, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī……ī„ĩī…„ī„ļī…‚
â€ĸ ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„Ēī…ī„ĩ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„•ī„ēī„Ēī…‚ī„Ŧ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ēī„Ē ī„œī…‚ī„Ž ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ĸī……ī…ƒī„ŋī„’ ī„ģī…‹ī„“ī„’ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„“ī„ēī„Žī…†ī…œ  ī„ĩī…€ī„Ēī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„ēī„Ēī…‚ī„ĩ ī„¯ī…‡ī„šī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ŗī……ī…žī„œ ī„Ģ ī„¸ī…‚ī„ī„ ī„ēī…‹ī„ ī…‹îĨĄ
펙Ŗķˇ™¤ķˇ™Ĩî˜ƒī„š ī„Žī„Ŧ ī„ĩī„Ĩī…‹ī„ĩ  ī„ģī…‰?
ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Ĩī…‹ī„ĩī…‚ ī„ģī…‰:
â€ĸ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Ąī…‹ī„Ĩī…‚ ī„Ēī…‡ī„ž ī„ēī……ī„ĩī…„ī„ļī…‚ ī„¸ī…‚ī„›ī…œī„š
â€ĸ ī„ī…‰ī„Ĩ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ąī…‚ī„‘ī„Ŧ ī„œī…‡ī…ƒī„§ī„’
â€ĸ ī„ī„Ēī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„¯ī…ƒī„ĩī„ĩī„Ēī„Ž ī„ĸī…‹ī„ŋī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰
â€ĸ ī„ē 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„œī„Ē ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ (ī„¯ī…ƒī„ģī„ļī…„ ī„ąī…„ī„Ĩ)
ī„“ī„ē ī„ļī„” ī…Ĩī…„ī…ƒī„œī„‘ī„› ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž:
펎‘펎’펎“펎”ī„ī…‰ī„Ĩ (ī„ŗī……ī…žī„œ ī„ĩī„ ī„Žī…‚)
펎‘펎’펎“펎”ī„Ŧī…‹ ī„Ēī…‹ī„ĩī…‚ (ī…ƒī„˛ī…œī„Žī„Ēī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„)
펄§ķŧŋ’ī…Ĩī…„ī…ƒī„œī„’ ī„Ŧ ī„ĩ ī„•ī…žī„Ēī„ĩ
(ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„´ī„ŗī„Ž-ī„Ēī…„ī„Žī„Ēī…‚ī„ļ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„•ī„Ŧī…‚ī„ģī„ĩī„Ž)
ī„”ī„žī…„2ī…ƒī„ēī„›ī„šī…‚.ī„›ī…‚ī…žī„ŗ
펚†ķˇš‡ķˇšˆī„ĩ ī„ ī„´ī„ŗī„Ž - ī„ŗī……ī…žī„¨ī„ļī…„ ī„ĸ ī„Šī„› ī„ĩī…„ (ī„ēī…œī„œī…‡ī„¯ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„ļī„œī…‹)
â€ĸ ī„Ģ ī„Ĩ:ī„›ī…ƒī„ļī„’ī„Š
â€ĸ ī„’ī„ĩī…‹ī„ģ:ī„˜ī„Žī„’ī„ĩī„ĸī…„ī„˜ī„ŗ^ ī„§ī…„ī„˜ī„Ž ī„˜ī„ē'
â€ĸ ī„ĩī…‹ī„ģ:ī„˜ī„ē' ī„˜ī„Žī„§ī…„ī„¯ī…„ī„˜ī„ŗ^ ī„ĸī…„ī„’ī„ĩī„˜ī„ē
â€ĸ ī„Ŧī…„:ī„ī…‚
â€ĸ ī„ēī…œī„¸ ī„Ŧī…„:ī„Žī…„
â€ĸ ī„ē ī„:ī„šī…‚ī„ŗ
펙ĸī„Ēī…„ī„Žī„Ē ī„ļ (ī…ƒī„¸ī„ļī…œī…ƒī„ąī„Ē) ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ēī…„ī„Ēī„œ ī„Žī…„ ī„ī„Ē
 ī„š :ī…ƒī„Ēī„Žī„Ēī…‚ī„ļ (16 ī„Ēī„ĩī…‚)
ī„ļ ī„”:ī…ƒī„¸ī„ļī…œī…ƒī„ąī„Ē
ī„ē:"ī„Žī…„" ī„Ēī…‡
펚†ķˇš‡ķˇšˆī„Žī…‹ī„Ĩī…‡ī„šī„Ž
ī„ēī„Ģ ī„”:
ī„­
ī„­ī…„ī„Ž
ī„­ī…„ī„Ž
ī„­
ī„Žī…„ ī„’ī„ĩī„ĸī…„ī„˜ī„ŗ^
ī„ĸī…„ī„’ī„ĩī„˜ī„ēī„˜ī„Ž
ī„’ī„ĩī„ĸī…„ī„˜ī„ŗ^ī„§ī…„
ī„˜ī„Žī„§ī…„ī„˜ī„ŗ^ ī„ĸī…„
|  | ī„­ī…„ī„Ž | ī„­ī…„ī„Ž | Dha |M^ DN S' | NDM^ G |RGM^ D | NRS ||
ī„‘ī…œī„Ēī„ĩ :
|  | ī„­ī…„ī„Ž | ī„­ī…„ī„Ž | Dha |S' NDN | S' NDM^ |DN S'R' | S' NDM^ |
|  | ī„­ī…„ī„Ž | ī„­ī…„ī„Ž | Dha |GM^ DN | R'S'ND |M^ GRS | NRS ||
펙Ŗķˇ™¤ķˇ™Ĩî˜ƒī„š ī„Žī„Ŧ ī„ĩī„Ēī…‹ī„ĩ 1
Ni RGM^ DN S'S' NDM^ GR SNi RGM^ DN RS (ī„ē)
ī„”ī„žī…„2ī…ƒī„ēī„›ī„šī…‚.ī„›ī…‚ī…žī„ŗ
펙Ŗķˇ™¤ķˇ™Ĩî˜ƒī„š ī„Žī„Ŧ ī„ĩī„Ĩī…‹ī„ĩ 2
GM^ DN S' N DM^ GRSNR GM^ DN R' S' ND M^ GRS (ī„ē)
ķŊ†ķŊ†‘ķŊ†’ķŊ†“ķŊ†”ķŊ†•ī…Ĩī…„ī…ƒī„œī„’ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„›ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„¯ī…‡ī„šī„› ī„ĩī…„ ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„— (ī„ģī…žī„Ēī„ĩī„Ž ī„ē ī„‘)
ī…ƒī„¸ī…ƒī„Ŧī„’ī„ĩī„Ģī…„ ī„‘ī„›ī„ēī„ĩ ī„¯ī…‡ī„šī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„ĩī„Ž ī„‘ī…œī„› ī„ī……ī„’ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„“ī„ē ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„ļī„œī…‹:
1. ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ŗ + ī„Ēī…‚ī„ļ + ī„ļī…‚ī„“ī„’
2. ī„ēī„Ģī…‚ī„” ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„‘ī…œī„Ēī„ĩī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ī…‰ī„Ĩ ī…ƒī„ļī„œī…‹
3. ī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī…‚ī…€-ī„ēī…‚ī…€ ī…ƒī„Žī„šī…‚ī„Ž ī„ļī„ī…‚ī„™
4. 2 ī„Ēī…‹ī„ĩī…‚ ī„¸ī…žī„œī„ĩī…‡ ī„Ēī…ī„ĩ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„ļī„œī…‹îĨĄ
5. 16-ī„Ĩī„ĩī…‚ ī„¨ī…‚ī„ī„ ī…‡ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„” ī„ĩī…žī„œī…‹
페šķˇ˜´ķˇ˜ĩ페ļ페ˇķˇ˜¸ī„¯ī…Ĩī…„ī…ƒī„œī„‘ī„› ī…ƒī„›ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„ĸ ī„ī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧ ī„ģī…‰
ī„•ī„ģ ī„Ŧī…‡ī„œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž:
â€ĸ ī„ēī„ģī…„ ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‹ī„Ĩī„ē✔
â€ĸ ī„Ēī…„
ī„
ī„Ēī…‚ī„ļ ī„ąī„Šī„Ēī„ĩ✔
â€ĸ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ļī…œī…ƒī„ąī„Ē ī„ī…‰ī„Ĩ ī„ēī„Ĩī…‚ī„”ī„ļ✔
â€ĸ ī„ē ī„ļī…Šī…ƒī„§ī…œī„âœ”
â€ĸ ī„ē 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„œī„Ē ī„ģī…‹ī„Š ī„ļī…‚ ī„Ĩī…‹ī„ĩī„ē✔
ī„ĸī„ĩ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ēī„ģī…„ ī„ģī„Ž → ī„ĩī…‡ ī„‘ī…œī„›
펋‡ķˇ‹ˆķˇ‹‰ķˇ‹Šķˇ‹‹ķˇ‹Œī„´ ī„Ŧī„Ŧ ī„šī„Ē ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī…ī„œī…„ ī„  ī„ļ
ī„ēī…‹ī„ ī…‹:
펎‘펎’펎“펎”ī„ī…‰ī„Ĩ = ī„ŗī……ī…žī„œ ī„ēī……ī„ĩ
펎‘펎’펎“펎”ī„Ēī…‹ī„ĩī…‚ = ī„Ēī…‡ī„ž ī„ēī„ĸī„Ĩ
펎‘펎’펎“펎”ī„ē = ī„ģ ī„Žī…‹ī„Ĩ
ī„“ī„ē ī„ļī„” ī„ģī„ĩ ī„Ĩī…‹ī„ĩī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„žī„ĩ (ī„ē) ī„ē ī„ĸī…‚ī„Šī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī…„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„”ī„žī…„2ī…ƒī„ēī„›ī„šī…‚.ī„›ī…‚ī…žī„ŗ
6. ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡  ī„Ļī„›ī…Ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‡  2 ī„ĩ ī„ ī„ ī„Ŧ ī„ĩ ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Ŧī„™îĨĄ
ī„•ī…žī„Ēī„ĩ:펋‡ķˇ‹ˆķˇ‹‰ķˇ‹Šķˇ‹‹ķˇ‹Œī„ĩ ī„ ī„´ī„ŗī„Ž
ī„ļ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Ģ ī„Ĩ
â€ĸ ī„›ī…ƒī„ļī„’ī„Š ī„Ģī…‚ī„Ĩ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ēī„ąī…œī„­ī„Ē ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„“ī„ģ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ēī…œī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī„Ž-ī„ēī…œī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ĸī…‚ī„Ēī…„ ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„ģī…‰,  ī„“ī„ģ ī„ ī„ŋī…§ī…‚ī„” (ī„‘ī„ĩī…‹ī„ģī„Š) ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„•ī„Ēī„ĩī…‚ī„” (ī„ĩī…‹ī„ģī„Š)
ī„Ŧī…‹ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ēī…žī„Ē ī„ēī……ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ĩī„Ēī…Œ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„“ī…žī„Ģī…‡ ī„œī…‚ī„ē ī„ī…žī„ļ ī„Ēī„ĩī…‚  (ī…ƒī„Ēī…žī„œī…‚ ) ī„ģī…‰, ī„ĸī…‹ ī„´ī„ŗī„Ž ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī„ēī„Ŧī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ļī…žī„œī„Š ī„ēī……ī„’ī„Ŧ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„ąī„Šī„Ēī„ĩ
â€ĸ ī„‘ī„ĩī…‹ī„ģ ī„Ž (ī„ ī„ŋī…§ ī„”):ī„Žī…„ ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ī…‚  (ī„Ē) ī„­ī…‚ ī„Žī…„ ī„ēī…‚'
â€ĸ ī„ĩī…‹ī„ģ ī„Ž (ī„•ī„Ēī„ĩ ī„”):ī„ēī…‚' ī„Žī…„ ī„­ī…‚  (ī„Ē) ī„ī…‚ ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ēī…‚
â€ĸ  ī„Ŧī…„ (ī„ŗī……ī…žī„œ ī„Žī…‹ī„Ĩ):ī„ī…‚ (ī„ī…œī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ)
â€ĸ ī„ē ī„Ŧī…„ (ī„Ŧī…†ī„ĸ ī„ģī…žī„Ēī„ĩī„Ž ī„Žī…‹ī„Ĩ):ī„Žī…„ (ī…ƒī„Žī„šī„Ŧ)
â€ĸ ī„ŋ (ī„Ŧī„ēī„Ēī„œī„Ē  ī„ļ  ī„›ī…œī„š):ī„Žī…„ ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ī…‚ (ī„Ĩ), ī„ī…‚ ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ēī…‚
ī…Ĩī„Ŧī„ĩī„šī„Ž ī„Ŧ ī„ē ī„
â€ĸ ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„Ēī…ī„ĩ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„šī…‚ī„ŗ ī„Žī…†ī…œ (ī„šī…‚ī„ŗ 6-9 ī„ĸī…‡) ī„¯ī…‡ī„š ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„“ī„ēī„Ŧī…‚ ī„šī…‚ī„ī„Ē ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĩī…‹ī„ŗī…‚ī„ī…ƒī„Ĩī„›  ī„“ī„ēī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„šī…‚ī„ŗ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī„ļī„” ī„ēī…œī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī…ƒī„Ŧī„Ž ī„ĩī…‚ī„Ē ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ 
ī„ąī„Ŧī„ļī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
 (ī„ĩ ī„ē )
â€ĸ ī…ƒī„šī…Ĩī…œī„ī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ ī„ĩī„ē (ī„ĩī…‹ī„ŗī…‚ī„ī…ƒī„Ĩī„› ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„˛ī„ī„Ēī…„) ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„•ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„“ī„ģ ī„šī…‚ī„ī„Ē, ī„šī…‚ī„ī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī…‚, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„§ī…†ī…œī„žī…‚ ī„‘ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ēī…ƒī„ŗī„› ī„ģī…‰, ī„ĸī…‹ ī„‘ī„›ī„ēī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¯ī„’ī„ĩ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„šī„ĩī„­ī…‚ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ
ī„ĸī……ī…ƒī„ŋī„’ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„ģī…žī„Ē
â€ĸ ī„šī……ī„ĩī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„¸ī…‚ī…ƒī„ļī„’ī„ ī„ļī„” ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ąī……ī…ƒī„Žī„’ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„ŗī…œī…ƒī„Žī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„› ī„“ī„ģ ī„Ēī„ĩī…‚  ī„Ŧī…„
ī„ĩī„Ēī…Œ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī……ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„Ēī……ī„ļī„Ž ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„ēī„œī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ŗī„šī„ģī…†ī„ĩ ī„ĩī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„, ī„›ī„ļī…‚ī„ēī…„ī„›ī„ļ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„‘ī„ĩī„­-ī„›ī„ļī…‚ī„ēī…„ī„›ī„ļ (ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ ī…ƒī„› ī„Ļī„ĩī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĸī„Ž),
ī„´ī„ŗī„Ž ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ēī…‰ī…žī„Ĩ ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ī„”ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ąī…‚ī„ļī…„ī„¸ī……ī…žī„§ ī„Žī…‡ ī„ĩī…‹ī„ŗī…‚ī„ī…ƒī„Ĩī„› ī„ī…„ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ļī„” ī„´ī„ŗī„Ž ī„Ēī…Œ  ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„•ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„ļī„’ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
펊¨ķˇŠŠī„ĩ ī„ ī„ĩ
ī„ļ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Ģ ī„Ĩ
â€ĸ ī„ĩ ī„Ģī…‚ī„Ĩ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ēī„ąī…œī„­ī„Ē ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„”ī„žī…„2ī…ƒī„ēī„›ī„šī…‚.ī„›ī…‚ī…žī„ŗ
â€ĸ "ī„ēī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ĩī…‚ī„ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ĩī…‚ī„ĸī…‚" ī„ĸī…Œ ī„ĸī…‚ī…ƒī„Šī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„‘ī„›ī„ēī„ĩ ī„’ī…ƒī„Ŧ ī„ĩī…‚ī„ (ī…ƒī„ģī…œī„Ŧī……ī„ēī„Ēī…‚ī„Žī…„ ī„ĩī…œī„¯ī„ĩī…‚ ī„Ŧī…‚
ī„ē ī„Ēī…Œ ī„¯ī…ƒī„ģī„ļī…‚ ī„ĩī…‚ī„) ī„ŗī…œī…ƒī„Žī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ēī…œī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī„Ž-ī„ēī…œī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ĸī…‚ī„Ēī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„ĸī…‹ ī„ ī„ŋī…§ī…‚ī„” ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„•ī„Ēī„ĩī…‚ī„” ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ēī…žī„Ē ī„ēī……ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ĩī„Ēī…Œ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„ąī„Šī„Ēī„ĩ
â€ĸ ī„‘ī„ĩī…‹ī„ģ ī„Ž (ī„ ī„ŋī…§ ī„”):ī„ēī…‚ ī„ĩī…‡(ī„›) ī„   ī„­ī…‚() ī„Žī…„ ī„ēī…‚'
â€ĸ ī„ĩī…‹ī„ģ ī„Ž (ī„•ī„Ēī„ĩ ī„”):ī„ēī…‚' ī„Žī…„ ī„­ī…‚()   ī„ī…‚ ī„ĩī…‡() ī„ēī…‚
â€ĸ ī„“ī…žī„Ģī…‡, ī„ļ ī„ĩī…‡ (ī„Ĩī…‚ ī…ƒī„ĩī„šī„˛) ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ļ ī„­ī…‚ (ī„Ĩī…‚ ī„Ē) ī„ĩī„Ēī…‡ ī„ī„— ī„ģī„Ž, ī„ĸī…‹ ī„ĩ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī„ēī„Ŧī…„
ī„ī…œī„˛ī…„ī„ĩ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ī……ī„Šī„¸ī…žī„Ēī…‚ ī…Ĩī„Ŧī…‚ī„Ž ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
â€ĸ  ī„Ŧī…„ (ī„ŗī……ī…žī„œ ī„Žī…‹ī„Ĩ):ī„­ī…‚ (ī„Ē)
â€ĸ ī„ē ī„Ŧī…„ (ī„Ŧī…†ī„ĸ ī„ģī…žī„Ēī„ĩī„Ž ī„Žī…‹ī„Ĩ):ī„ĩī…‡ (ī…ƒī„ĩī„šī„˛)
â€ĸ ī„ŋ (ī„Ŧī„ēī„Ēī„œī„Ē  ī„ļ  ī„›ī…œī„š):ī„ī…‚  ī„­ī…‚ ī„­ī…‚ , ī„ī…‚  ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ēī…‚
ī…Ĩī„Ŧī„ĩī„šī„Ž ī„Ŧ ī„ē ī„
â€ĸ ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„Ēī…ī„ĩ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…†ī„ĩī„ĸ ī„ ī„ŋī…§ī„Ž ī„ļī…‡ (ī„ēī„ĩī…‡ 6-9 ī„ĸī…‡) ī„¯ī…‡ī„š ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī…ƒī„Ŧī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„“ī…žī„› ī„˛ī„ī„Ēī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī……ī„ĩ ī„ēī…‰ī…žī„Ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
 (ī„ĩ ī„ē )
â€ĸ ī„šī…‚ī„ī„Ē ī„ĩī„ē (ī„šī…‚ī„ī„Ēī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„šī„ĩī„­ī…‚) ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„šī…‚ī„Žī„Ŧī…‚ī„ĩ, ī„ī…œī„˛ī…„ī„ĩ, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„‘ī…œī„Ŧī„ĩī…†ī„Žī…„ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…žī„œ ī„ļī…‚, ī„‘ī„›ī„ēī„ĩ ī…Ĩī…‚ī„ĩī„Ģī„Žī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ž ī„Ŧī…‡  ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„Ēī……ī„ļī„Žī…‚
ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„ģī…žī„Ē
â€ĸ ī„ĩ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ļ ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„ŗī…œī…ƒī„Žī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„ĸī…‹ ī„‘ī„ģī…„ī„ĩ ī„ĩ, ī„’ī„Žī…œ ī„Ŧ ī„ĩ, ī„Žī„Ĩ ī„ĩ ī„ĩī„ī…‡  ī„ĩī…†ī„¯ī…‚ī„
ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ĸī„Žī„ŗ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ļ ī„ĩī…‡ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ļ ī„­ī…‚ ī„•ī…žī„Ēī…‡ ī„“ī„ēī„Ŧī…‚ ī„™ī…ƒī„ēī„ļī…‡ī„šī„Ž (ī„’ī„ī„Ŧī…‹ī„ļī„Ž) ī„“ī…žī„› ī„¯ī…ƒī„ĩī„˛ī…‚ī…ƒī„šī„Ē ī…ƒī„¸ī„šī…‡ī„šī„Ēī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī…ƒī„ĸī„ēī„Žī…†ī…œ
ī„ēī„ģī…„ ī„¨ī…œī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„¯ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„ģī……ī„Žī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„“ī„ģ ī„‘ī„›ī„ēī„ĩ ī„ēī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„‘ī…ƒī„˛ī„’ī„ē ī„ēī…‰ī„šī„Žī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„¸ī…ƒī„Ŧī„’ī„ĩī„Ģī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„ēī„œī…‚ī„“ī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„Š ī„ļī…‚ ī„¯ī…ƒī„ģī„ļī…‚
ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„ĸī…‹ ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„šī„ĩī„­ī…‚ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
펙Ŗķˇ™¤ķˇ™Ĩî˜ƒī„š ī„Žī„Ŧ ī„ĩī„Ēī……ī„ļī„Ž ī„Ē ī„ē ī„ĩī„Šī…„
ī…ƒī„¸ī„šī…‡ī„šī„Ē
ī„ĩ ī„ ī„´ī„ŗī„Ž
ī„ĩ ī„ ī„ĩ
ī„Ģ ī„Ĩ
ī„›ī…ƒī„ļī„’ī„Š
ī„ĩ
ī„ĸ ī„Ēī…„
ī„ēī…œī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī„Ž-ī„ēī…œī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī„Žī…‚
ī„ēī…œī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī„Ž-ī„ēī…œī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī„Žī…‚
ī…ƒī„¸ī„šī…‡ī„š
ī„Žī…‹ī„Ĩī„ē
ī„Ēī„ĩī…‚ 
ī„ļ ī„ĩī…‡, ī„ļ ī„­ī…‚
 ī„Ŧī…„
ī„ī…‚
ī„­ī…‚
ī„ēī…œī„¸ ī„Ŧī…„
ī„Žī…„
ī„ŋ
ī„ē ī„
ī„šī…‚ī„ŗ (ī„šī…‚ī„ŗ 6-9 ī„ĸī…‡)
ī„ēī„ĩ (6-9 ī„ĸī…‡)
ī„”ī„žī…„2ī…ƒī„ēī„›ī„šī…‚.ī„›ī…‚ī…žī„ŗ
 (ī„ĩ ī„ē )
ī„ĩī…‹ī„ŗī…‚ī„ī…ƒī„Ĩī„›, ī„˛ī„ī„Ēī…„ ī„˛ī…ƒī„ĩī„’, ī„šī…‚ī„ī„Ē
ī„šī…‚ī„ī„Ē, ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ž ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī…‚,
ī„šī…‚ī„Žī„Ŧī…‚ī„ĩ
 ī„§
ī„Žī…„ ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ī…‚ (ī„Ĩ), ī„ī…‚ ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ēī…‚
ī„ī…‚  ī„­ī…‚ ī„­ī…‚ , ī„ī…‚  ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ēī…‚
ī„ģī…žī„Ē
ī„šī……ī„ĩī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„¸ī…‚ī…ƒī„ļī„’ī„ ī„ļī„” ī„ąī……ī…ƒī„Žī„’ī„Ŧī…„
ī„ĩī…‚ī„
ī„ļ ī„ĩī…‚ī„,  ī„ĩī…†ī„¯ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„’ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ
ķŊ†ĒķŊ†ĢķŊ†Ŧī…ƒī„ēī…žī„Ĩ
ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„´ī„ŗī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‹ī„¸ī…ˆ ī…ƒī„ģī…œī„Ŧī……ī„ēī„Ēī…‚ī„Žī…„ ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Ģī…œī„ŗī…§ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„´ī„ŗī„Ž ī„ĩī…‹ī„ŗī…‚ī„ī„ē, ī„šī„ĩī„­ī…‚ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„šī…‚ī„ī„Ēī…„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ŧī„ĩī„ēī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„ĸī…‹ ī„šī…‚ī„ŗ ī„ļī„” ī„ēī…œī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ĩ ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ž, ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ī…œī„˛ī…„ī„ĩī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…Ĩī„Ēī…„ī„› ī„ģī…‰, ī„ĸī…‹ ī„ēī„ĩ ī„ļī„” ī„’ī„Ŧī„ĩī„š ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„“ī„›ī…žī„Ļī…‡ ī…ƒī„ŗī„ļ , ī„•ī„ģ ī…ƒī„Ŧī„œī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī…ƒī„› ī…ƒī„›ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„ēī„ĩī…€ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ŗī…‚ī„Žī…‡ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ģī„Ž, ī„ēī„ī…Œ ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ, ī„Ŧī„ĩī„Ē ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ŗī„Žī……ī…ž ī„œī…„
ī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī„Žī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ĸī……ī„ŋī…‡ ī„ĸī„Ē  ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„ēī…‰ī„›ī„šī„Ž-ī„§ī…„
7. ī„Ē ī„ļ  ī„ĩ ī„Ŧ ī„ĩ ī„ĩ ī„—ī„›ī„ī……ī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī……ī„ī……ī„Ž ī„ļ ī„ĩī…„ī„ž ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„“ī„ē ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Ģ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Ž ī„ļ ī…ƒī„ļī„œī…‹îĨĄ
ī„•ī…žī„Ēī„ĩ:펊¨ķˇŠŠī„Ē ī„ļ  ī„ĩ  ī„ģī…‰?
ī„Ēī…‚ī„ļ ī„ĩ ī„“ī…žī„› 14-ī„ąī…„ī„Ĩī…‚ī„ ī„ļī…‚ ī„Ēī…‚ī„ļī„ąī…žī„­ ī„ ī…žī„›ī„ĩ (ī„Ēī…Ĩ) ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī…‹ ī„ŗī……ī…žī„œ ī„Ēī…ī„ĩ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĩ ī„ĩī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ēī„’
ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„ĸī…‹ ī…ƒī„› ī„‘ī„›ī„ēī„ĩ ī„˛ī„ī„¸ī…‚ī„Ž ī…ƒī„›ī…Ĩī„šī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ģī…‹ī„ļī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„Ēī„•ī„ģī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ĸī……ī„ŋī…‡ ī„˛ī„ī„Ēī…„ ī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ĩī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„
ī„œī…‡ī„§-ī„œī…‡ī„§ ī„ļī…‡ ī„ąī…Ĩī„ģ ī…ƒī„¯ī„’ī„ĩ, ī„ĩī…œī„ī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„Ēī„•ī„ģī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡  ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ĩī„Šī„Ž ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„“ī„ē ī„ēī„ąī…œī„­ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ĩī„Ž, ī„ĩ ī„Ēī…‚ī„ļ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„‘ī„Žī…œ ī„Ŧ, ī„ļī„Ŧī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„œī…‡ī„§-ī„œī…‡ī„§ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ļ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰â€”ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„Ēī…‡ī„ž ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
,
ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„ģī…ī„ļī…„ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
, ī„ĩ ī„ĩī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī……ī…œī„Ŧī„ĩ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ķŧĒķŧĒŽķŧĒķŧǐķŧĒ‘ķŧĒ’ķŧĒ“ī„Ē ī„ļ  ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ąī„Šī„Ēī„ĩ
ī„Ēī…‚ī„ļ ī„ĩ ī„ļ ī„ģī…‰:
â€ĸ 14 ī„ąī…„ī„Ĩī„ē ( ī„Ēī…Ĩī…‡)
â€ĸ 4 ī„˛ī…‚ī„ī…‚ī„ (ī…ƒī„¸ī„˛ī…‚ī„ī…‚ī„) ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¸ī…œī…ƒī„§ī„’ ī„ģī…‹ī„“ī„’
â€ĸ ī„Ĩī„ĩī„Ž: 5 + 2 + 3 + 4
ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„ī„Šī„Ēī…„ ī„“ī„ē ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰:
ī„”ī„žī…„2ī…ƒī„ēī„›ī„šī…‚.ī„›ī…‚ī…žī„ŗ
1 2 3 4 5 | 6 7 | 8 9 10 | 11 12 13 14
ī„Ēī…‚ī„ŋī…„-ī„Ēī„ĩī…œī„ ī„ąī„Šī„Ēī„ĩ:
ī„˜ī„›ī„šī„Ž
ī„Ēī…‚ī„ŋī…„ (ī„ē)펎ģ펎ŧ펎Ŋ펎žķˇˇŋ펏€ķˇ¸ķˇ¸‚펏ƒķˇ¸„펏…펏†ķˇ¸‡ķˇ¸ˆķˇ¸‰
ī„Ēī…‚ī„ŋ펎ģ펎ŧ펎Ŋ펎žķˇˇŋ펏€ķˇ¸ķˇ¸‚펏ƒķˇ¸„펏…펏†ķˇ¸‡ķˇ¸ˆķˇ¸‰
ī„ļī…ƒī„ģī„ĩ펎Ē펎Ģ펎Ŧ펎­ķˇˇŽķˇˇ¯ķˇˇ°ķˇˇąķˇˇ˛
ī„Ēī…‚ī„ŋ펎ģ펎ŧ펎Ŋ펎žķˇˇŋ펏€ķˇ¸ķˇ¸‚펏ƒķˇ¸„펏…펏†ķˇ¸‡ķˇ¸ˆķˇ¸‰
ī„“ī„ē ī„ļī„” ī„˛ī…ī…ƒī„Ēī„› ī…ƒī„ī„Šī„Ēī…„ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ąī„Š ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰:
펎ģ펎ŧ펎Ŋ펎žķˇˇŋ펏€ķˇ¸ķˇ¸‚펏ƒķˇ¸„펏…펏†ķˇ¸‡ķˇ¸ˆķˇ¸‰2 3 4 5 |펎ģ펎ŧ펎Ŋ펎žķˇˇŋ펏€ķˇ¸ķˇ¸‚펏ƒķˇ¸„펏…펏†ķˇ¸‡ķˇ¸ˆķˇ¸‰7 |펎Ē펎Ģ펎Ŧ펎­ķˇˇŽķˇˇ¯ķˇˇ°ķˇˇąķˇˇ˛9 10 |펎ģ펎ŧ펎Ŋ펎žķˇˇŋ펏€ķˇ¸ķˇ¸‚펏ƒķˇ¸„펏…펏†ķˇ¸‡ķˇ¸ˆķˇ¸‰12 13 14
ī„“ī„ģ ī„‘ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„Ž ī„ēī„ģ ī„ĩ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī„ēī„Ŧī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī„šī…‡ī„š ī…ƒī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ - ī„“ī„ģ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ēī„ŧī„Ē ī„ĩī„  ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ąī„ĸī…‚ī„— ī„“ī…žī„› ī„œī…‡ī„§-
ī„œī…‡ī„§ ī„ļī…‡ ī„Ēī…‚ī„ļī„ąī…žī„­ ī„Žī…‚ī„  ī„¸ī…‚ī„ī„ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī„ēī…†ī„ē ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ķģ‚ķģƒķģ„ķģ…ķģ†ķģ‡ķģˆī„Ē ī„ļ  ī„ĩ ī„Ŧ ī„Ģ (ī„ļ ī„ĩ)
ī„Ļ ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„ŗī„’ī„ĩī…„ ī„Ēī„ąī„ļī…‚ ī„Ĩī„ĩī„Ž ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī…‹ ī„Ēī…‚ī„ļ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…Ĩī„ī„Ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
펄§ķŧŋ’ī„ŗī……ī…žī„¨ī„ļ ī„Ģ (ī„—ī„›ī„ī……ī„Ž)â€“ī…ƒī„ēī…œī„ī„ļ ī„ē)
 ī„­ī…„ ī„Ēī…‚ ī„­ī…„ ī„Ēī…‚ | ī„­ī…‚ - | ī„ī…‚ ī„Ēī…„ ī„Ēī…‚ | ī…ƒī„Ē ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ēī…‚ -
ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ  ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ēī„›ī„ĩī„Š:
 ī„­ī…„ ī„Ēī…‚ ī„­ī…„ ī„Ēī…‚ | ī„­ī…‚ - | ī„ī…‚ ī„Ēī…„ ī„Ēī…‚ | ī…ƒī„Ē ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ēī…‚ -
ī„Ēī„ĩī…‚ ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ļī…‡ī„ēī„ŗī…Šī„Ĩ:
ī„ąī…„ī„Ĩī„ē
ī„ąī…‹ī„ļī„ē
1

2
ī„­ī…„
3
ī„Ēī…‚
4
ī„­ī…„
5
ī„Ēī…‚
6
ī„­ī…‚
7
-
8
ī„ī…‚
9
ī„Ēī…„
10
ī„Ēī…‚
ī„”ī„žī…„2ī…ƒī„ēī„›ī„šī…‚.ī„›ī…‚ī…žī„ŗ
11
ī„Ēī…„
12
ī„Ēī…‚
13
ī„Ēī…‚
14
-
ī„“ī„Ģī…‡:
â€ĸ ī„ąī…„ī„Ĩ 1 = ī„ē (ī„ē ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ŗī„žī„ąī…†ī„Ē)
â€ĸ ī„ąī…„ī„Ĩ 8 = ī„œī„ļī…„ (ī„ļī…ƒī„ģī„ĩ) → ī„ģī„ļ ī„‘ī…ƒī„ģī„ēī…‚ī„ē
펙Ŗķˇ™¤ķˇ™Ĩî˜ƒī„š ī„Žī„Ŧ ī„ĩ ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…„  ī„¸ī„Ž ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗī„Š
ī…ƒī„Ēī„Žī„Ēī…‚ī„ļ (4+4+4+4) ī„ĩī„ī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī…ƒī„ŗī„Ēī…„ ī„Ēī…‚ī„ļī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„•ī„ļī„Ĩ, ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‚ 5+2+3+4 ī…ƒī„§ī„¸ī…„ī„žī„Ž ī„ēī…ƒī„¸ī…œī„ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„“ī„ģ ī„“ī„ē ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī„ēī…†ī„ē ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰:
펎‘펎’펎“펎”ī„“ī…žī„› ī„œī…‡ī„§ī„Š ī„ļī…‚ ī„›ī„Ŧ
펎‘펎’펎“펎”ī…ƒī„°ī„ĩ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Ąī…‹ī„Ĩī…‚ ī…ƒī„ĸī„ģī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ĩ
펎‘펎’펎“펎”ī…ƒī„°ī„ĩ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„¸ī…ƒī„ģī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„¸ī…‚ī„›ī…œī„š
펎‘펎’펎“펎”ī…ƒī„°ī„ĩ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ēī…ƒī„Ģī„ĩ ī„‘ī…œī„Ē
ī„“ī„ģī…„ ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„ĩ ī„ģī…‹ī„ļī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ī…„ī„Ēī…‚ī„ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī…‹ ī…ƒī„›ī…Ĩī„šī„Ž ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ ī…œī„ ī„ļ ī„›ī…œī„ŗī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ĩī„Šī„Ž ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ķŊ—ī„Ē ī„ļ  ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ļī„´ ī„› ī„ĩī…„
ī„ļī„´ ī„› ī„ĩ ī„Ēī…‚ī„ļī„ąī…žī„­ ī…ƒī„˛ī…œī„Žī„Ēī…‚ - ī„“ī…žī„›ī…‹ ī„Ēī…‚ī„ļ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¸ī…žī„œ-ī„¸ī…žī„œ ī„ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ĸī…‚ī„•ī„Šī…‚ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī…ƒī„› ī„Ēī…‚ī„ļ ī„ ī…žī„›ī„ĩ ī„“ī…žī„›ī…‹
ī…ƒī„ĸī„ģī…‚ ī„ĩī…ƒī„ģī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„“ī„ŗī…ƒī„Ēī„ģī…‚ī„Žī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¯ī……ī…žī„Ąī…‡ ī„ĸī…‚ī„Š ī„ļī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‹  ī„ļī„ĩī…„:
â€ĸ ī„—ī„›ī„ī……ī„Ž(1× ī„ī„Ēī…„)
â€ĸ ī„§ī……ī„ī„Ž(2× ī„ī„Ēī…„)
ķģ‚ķģƒķģ„ķģ…ķģ†ķģ‡ķģˆī„—ī„›ī„ī……ī„Š ī„Ģ (ī…ƒī„ēī…œī„ī„ļ ī„ē)
ī„ģī„ĩ ī„ąī…„ī„Ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ąī…‹ī„ļ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
1 2 3 4 5 | 6 7 | 8 9 10 | 11 12 13 14
 ī„­ī…„ ī„Ēī…‚ ī„­ī…„ ī„Ēī…‚ | ī„­ī…‚ - | ī„ī…‚ ī„Ēī…„ ī„Ēī…‚ | ī…ƒī„Ē ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ēī…‚ -
ī„”ī„žī…„2ī…ƒī„ēī„›ī„šī…‚.ī„›ī…‚ī…žī„ŗ
ī„“ī„ē ī„ļī„” ī„ąī…‹ī„ļ ī„ąī…„ī„Ĩī„ē ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„ąī„ļī„ļ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„“ī„›ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ķŊ—ī„§ī……ī„ī……ī„Ž ī„Ģ (ī„§ī„ąī„ļ ī„ē)
ī„§ī……ī„ī„Ž ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ , ī„‘ī„ēī…„
ī„
ī…Ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„ąī…„ī„Ĩ ī„Ŧī…‹ ī„ąī…‹ī„ļ ī„ĸī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‚ī„îĨĄ ī„ ī…žī„›ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„‘ī„ĸī…‡  14 ī„ąī…„ī„Ĩī„ē ī„ģī„Ž - ī„ĩ ī„ģī……ī„Š ī„ąī…‹ī„ļ ī„§ī„ąī„ļ ī„ģī…‹
ī„ī„— ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„“ī„ē ī„ļī„” ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī……ī„ī……ī„Ž ī„ąī„Š ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰:
 ī„­ī…„ ī„Ēī…‚ ī„­ī…„ ī„Ēī…‚ ī„­ī…‚ ī„­ī…‚ |ī„ī…‚ ī„Ēī…„ ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ēī…„ ī„Ēī…‚  ī„Ēī…‚ |
ī„­ī…„ ī„Ēī…‚ ī„­ī…„ ī„Ēī…‚ ī„­ī…‚ ī„­ī…‚ |ī„ī…‚ ī„Ēī…„ ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ēī…„ ī„Ēī…‚ -
ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ēī„¯ī„šī„Ĩ ī…Ĩī…„ī…ƒī„œī„’-ī„šī…‰ī„ļī…„ ī„§ī……ī„ī„Ž ī„ļī„Ĩ:
ī„ąī…„ī„Ĩ
ī„§ī……ī„ī„Ž ī„ąī…‹ī„ļī„ē
1
 ī„­ī…„
2
ī„Ēī…‚ ī„­ī…„
3
ī„Ēī…‚ ī„­ī…‚
4
ī„­ī…‚ ī„ī…‚
5
ī„Ēī…„ ī„Ēī…‚
6
ī„Ēī…„ ī„Ēī…‚
7
ī„Ēī…‚ 
8
ī„­ī…„ ī„Ēī…‚
9
ī„­ī…„ ī„Ēī…‚
10
ī„­ī…‚ ī„­ī…‚
11
ī„ī…‚ ī„Ēī…„
12
ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ēī…„
13
ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ēī…‚
14
-
(ī„‘ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„¯ī„› ī„Ģī…‹ī„ŋī…§ī…„ī„’ī„ ī…ƒī„˛ī…œī„Žī„Ēī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī„ĩ ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž; ī„Ŧī……ī…žī„ī„Š ī„ąī…‹ī„ļ ī„‘ī„›ī„ēī„ĩ ī„žī„ĩī…‚ī„Šī…‡ ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩ ī„¸ī…žī„œī„ĩī…‡ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‡
ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ)
펗ŋ페€ķˇ˜ķˇ˜‚ķˇ˜ƒī„­ī„ŗ ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„›ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„¯ī…‡ī„š ī„Ē ī„ĸ ī„ī„Ŧ ī„ģī…‰
ī„“ī…žī„› ī„›ī„ļī…‚ī„ēī…„ī„›ī„ļ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„ēī„ĩī…‹ī„ģ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ :
1. ī„ī…‚ī„“ī„› ī„ĩ ī„ĩī„ ī„Žī…‚ ī„šī……ī„ĩī…† ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰
2. ī„¯ī„œī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ĸ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„Ēī„ąī„ļī…‚ ī„ĩ ī„Ģ ī„ĸī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰
3. ī„ļī„ĩī…„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ēī……ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰
ī„”ī„žī…„2ī…ƒī„ēī„›ī„šī…‚.ī„›ī…‚ī…žī„ŗ
4. ī„ąī…‹ī„ļ-ī„ąī…œī„Ē ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Ēī…‚ī„ļī„ąī…žī„­ ī„œī…‡ī„§ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
5. ī„ē (ī„ąī…„ī„Ĩ 1) 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Žī…‚ī„Ĩ ī„¨ī…œī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„œī„Ē ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰
ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„› ī„ē ī„šī„›ī„Ēī…„ī„šī…‚ī„ļī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ēī„ĩ ī„¸ī…‚ī„›ī…‚ī„ī„šī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„•ī…žī„Ģī…‡ ī„ģī…„ ī„•ī„Ēī…‚ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„Ĩī…„ī„ ī…‚ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
펊­ķˇŠŽķˇŠ¯ķˇŠąķˇŠ°ķˇŠ˛ķˇŠŗķˇŠ´ķˇŠĩ펊ļī„Ē ī„ļ  ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ēī„› ī„ģī…žī„Ēī„Ē
ī„Ēī…‚ī„ļ ī„ĩ ī„ģī…žī„Ēī„ĩī„Ž ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„›:
â€ĸ ī„“ī„ģ ī…Ĩī…‚ī„ ī…„ī„Ž ī„­ī„ĩī„Ŧ ī„ĩī…œī„¯ī„ĩī…‚ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ēī„ąī…œī„­ī„Ē ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ģī…‹ī„ļī…„ ī…ƒī„Ēī„•ī„ģī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ĸī……ī…ƒī„ŋī„’ ī„ģī…‹ī„“ī„’
â€ĸ ī„ī……ī…œī„Ŗī„ļī„Ŧī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ēī…‚ī„ļ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‚ī„ĩī„Ē ī…ƒī„Ŧī„œī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„‘ī„ēī…ƒī„ŗī„Ē ī„Ēī…‚ī„ļ ī„ąī„Šī„Ēī„ĩ ī…ƒī„ēī„œī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰
â€ĸ ī„›ī„ļī…‚ī„ēī…„ī„›ī„ļ ī„ļ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„¯ī„œī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ĸ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ēī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰
ī„“ī„ģ ī„Ēī…‚ī„ļī„ąī…žī„­ ī„ąī……ī…žī„­ī…„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ  ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī„ēī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„› ī„‘ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„Ž ī„¸ī…œī„§ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ 14 ī„Ŧī…„ ī…ƒī„ī„Šī„Ēī…„ ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„ ī……ī„Šī…ī„Ēī„ĩī„Ž
ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
8. ī„Ēī……ī„ēī…„
ī„
ī„¯ī…œī„ĸ ī„ą ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„¸ī…žī„œ-ī„¸ī…žī„œ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„ē ī„ž ī„ ī„ą ī„ĩī…‡  ī„ĸ ī„Šī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‹? ī„ēī„¯ī„šī„Ĩ ī„Ēī…ī„ĩ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…žī„ēī…‹îĨĄ
ī„•ī…žī„Ēī„ĩ:펋‡ķˇ‹ˆķˇ‹‰ķˇ‹Šķˇ‹‹ķˇ‹Œī„ģ  ī„ļī…‡ ī„´ī…œī„Ēī„ĩ
ī„‘ī„ļī„ī…‹ī„ž (ī„‘ī„ļī„ī…‹ī„ž )
â€ĸ ī„ļī…žī„›ī„ŋ ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ąī…œī„ēī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ĸī…‹ī„ŋī…‚ ī„“ī…žī„›ī…‹ ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī„ĸī…‚ī„“ī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ ī…ƒī„ĩī„ģī…‚ ī„ēī…„îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ąī…œī„ēī„ĩī…„ ī„ēī……ī„ĩ ī„ĸī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī…ƒī„› ī„Ŧī…†ī„ĸī…„ ī„§ī„ĩī…‹ī„Ž ī…Ĩī„Ŧī…‚ī„Ž ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ĸī…„ī„¸ī…œī„Ē, ī„¯ī…ˆī„§ī…† ī„’ī„¸ī…‚ī„ž ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„ĸī…‹ ī„‘ī„›ī„ēī„ĩ ī„˛ī…œī„ī„ŋī…‡ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ēī……ī„Šī…„ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„“ī„ģ ī„¯ī…œī„ĸī…‚ī„ą ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ ī„ĩī„ģī…‡ ī„ĸī…„ī„¸ī„Ž ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…Ĩī„Ēī…„ī„› ī„ģī…‰, ī…ƒī„ĸī„ēī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„‘ī„›ī„ēī„ĩ ī„ ī„ĩī„ģī…‡ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ēī„ĩ ī„ĸī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡
ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
펊¨ķˇŠŠī„¯ī„ĩī„›ī„šī„Ž ī„ē ī„ž
ī„ļ
â€ĸ ī„¯ī…œī„ĸī…‚ī„ąī…„ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī„Ŧī…„ ī„­ī„ŋī„›ī„ŠîĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„§ī…œī…ƒī„§ī„’ī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ĸī…‚ī„“ī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„Š ī„ļī…‚ ī„Ŧī…‹-ī„ŗī…†ī…œī„ģī…„ ī„ļ, ī„šī„›ī„Ēī…„ī„šī…‚ī„ļī…„ ī„Ēī…‚ī„ļ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„˛ī…œī„ī„ŋī…‡ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„Ēī„•ī„ģī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ŗī…ī…ƒī„›ī„’ī„ ī„ļī„” ī„žī„ĩī…†ī„ĩī…„îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„“ī„ēī„Ŧī…„ ī„ī…†ī…œī„ĸī„Ŧī…„ ī„’ī„¸ī…‚ī„ž ī…ƒī„Žī…Ĩī„Ēī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„–ī„ĩī„ĸī…‚ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĸī„šī„Ž ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…Ĩī„Ēī…„ī„› ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„¨ī…žī„§
ī„”ī„žī…„2ī…ƒī„ēī„›ī„šī…‚.ī„›ī…‚ī…žī„ŗ
â€ĸ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Ąī…‹ī„Ĩī…‚ ī„žī…œī„Ĩī…‚ī„žī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ļ, ī„•
ī„
ī„ī„ļī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ĸī…‚ī„“ī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„›ī„ģī…‚ī„Šī…„ ī„ēī……ī„Šī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ąī…‰ī„ļī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„ī…‚ī„“ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī……ī„’ī„ĩī…‚ ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ēī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī…ƒī„Ēī…žī„œī…„ī„’ī„, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ļī„ąī…žī„­ ī„ąī…„ī„Ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„ĸī…‹ ī„‘ī„›ī„ēī„ĩ  (ī„ī…‚ī„“ī„Ž) ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ēī……ī„Šī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„ąī……ī„ī„ ī…†
â€ĸ ī„ĩī…† ī„ĩī„ī…‚ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Ąī…‹ī„Ĩī…‚, ī„žī…œī„Ĩī…‚-ī„žī„ŋī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī…‚ī„žîĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„“ī„ēī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡ ī„ēī„ĩī…„ī„ĩ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ĸī……ī„ŋī…„ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ĩī…žī„ēī…„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„œī…žī„   ī„ĸī…‚ī„“ī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„Ēī…žī„œī…„
ī„’ī„¸ī…‚ī„ž ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī…Ĩī„Ŧī„ĩī„šī„Žī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ģī…‚ī„ēī…‹ī„ģī…„ī„Šī…‡ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ ī…œī„ ī„ļ ī…Ĩ ī„šī…‚ī„ŗī„ļ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī…ƒī„ ī„ŗī„Ĩ
â€ĸ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„­ī…‚ī„Ēī…† ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…ƒī„ ī„ŗī„Ĩī…‚ ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„ĸī…œī„ī…ƒī„ļī…œī„ ī…ƒī„§ī„ēī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„ļī…žī„ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī…‹ī„”ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„Ēī…žī„œī…„ ī„­ī…‚ī„Ēī…† ī„’ī„¸ī…‚ī„ž ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‹ī„—, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ļī„ąī…žī„­ ī„¨ī…œī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ĩ  ī„ĸī…‚ī„“ī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„˛ī…œī„ī„ŋī…‚ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„˛ī„ī„Ēī…„ ī„ī…‚ī„“ī„Ž (ī„ĩī„Ēī„Ž) ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  îĨĄ
ī„ē (ī„ē)
â€ĸ ī„ēī…žī„¯ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ļī…žī„›ī„ŋ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī…‚ī„ž, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ļ ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩ ī„œī……ī…žī„ļī…§ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ąī…œī„Ŧ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„Ēī…‚ī„ŋī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„’ī„¸ī…‚ī„ž ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Žī…‚ī„ ī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„Ŧī…Ĩī„šī„Ĩī…„ī„ī„Ē ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī……ī„Šī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„•ī„Ēī…‡ī„ĸī„Žī…‚ ī„ĸī…‹ī„ŋī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„‘ī„›ī„ēī„ĩ ī„ļ ī…ƒī„ī…žī„­ī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ēī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
펙Ŗķˇ™¤ķˇ™Ĩî˜ƒī„š ī„Žī„Ŧ ī„ĩī„ēī„Ēī„ĩ ī„ē ī„ž
ī„Ĩī……ī…œī„ąī…„
â€ĸ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Ēī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ļī…‚ ī„ēī…‚ī„ž, ī„Ąī…‹ī„Ĩī…‚ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĩī„Ĩī…‡ī„ąī„ļîĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„•ī…žī„ ī…„-ī„•ī…žī„ ī…„, ī„–ī„ĩī„ĸī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„Ž ī„’ī„¸ī…‚ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ī……ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ī„ē ī„ŗī…‚ī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ļī„Ŧ ī„ŗī…‚ī„Šī„› ī„ĩī„ī…‡ ī„¯ī…œī„ĸī…‚ī„ąī…„ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„ī…‚ī„“ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„Žī…‡ī…ƒī„ŋī„™ī„ ī„ĸī……ī…ƒī„ŋī„’ ī„ģī…‹ī„“ī„’ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„“ī„ēī„Ŧī…„ ī…ƒī„Ēī…žī„œī…„ ī„ēī……ī„ĩ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„ī…„ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ĸī…„ī„¸ī…œī„Ēī„Ēī…‚ 
ī„
ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„—ī„›ī„Ē ī„ĩ
â€ĸ ī„Ĩī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ąī…‚ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī……ī„’ī„ĩī…‚ ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ēī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„Š ī„ļī…‚ ī„“ī…žī„›-ī„Ēī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ļī…‚ ī„ēī…‚ī„žîĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ēī…‚ī„Ŧī„ī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„šī„ĩī„­ī…‚ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…Ĩī„Ēī…„ī„› ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„‘ī„›ī„ēī„ĩ ī„‘ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ēī…ƒī„ŗī„› ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ē ī„ī…‚ī„“ī„›ī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ēī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī…ƒī„Ŧī„ļī„ĩī…†ī„ą
â€ĸ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Ŗī……ī…ƒī„›ī„’ ī„ģī…‹ī„“ī„’ ī„Ēī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ļī…‚ ī„ēī…‚ī„ž, ī…ƒī„ēī„Ēī…‚ī„ĩ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…œī„ī…„ ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī„šī…‡ī„šī„Ēī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ĸī…‹ī„ŋī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ēī……ī„ĩī…„ī„ļī…‡, ī„ĩī…†ī„ģī…‚ī„Žī…„ ī„ēī……ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„›ī„ļī…‚ī„ēī…„ī„›ī„ļ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„˛ī„ī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ēī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„ē ī„ĩī…œī„ī…„
ī„”ī„žī…„2ī…ƒī„ēī„›ī„šī…‚.ī„›ī…‚ī…žī„ŗ
â€ĸ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ąī„ģī……-ī„Ēī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„ļī…‚ ī„Ŗī……ī…ƒī„›ī„’ ī„ģī…‹ī„“ī„’ ī„ēī…‚ī„žîĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ŗī„Žī……ī…ž ī„œī…„ ī„’ī„¸ī…‚ī„ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Žī„›ī„ļ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…„ ī„´ī…‹ī„ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ļī„” ī„ĸī…‚ī…ƒī„Šī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„‘ī„›ī„ēī„ĩ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩī…„ ī„ī…‚ī„“ī„›ī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ, ī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī„Žī…‚ī„Ē ī„§ī…†ī…œī„žī…‚ī„” ī„ĸī…‹ī„ŋī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
펈ˇķˇˆ¸ķˇˆšķˇˆē펈ģ펈ŧī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„ē ī„ž
ī„› ī„Ĩī…‹
â€ĸ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ļī…žī„›ī„ŋ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī…‚ī„ž ī…ƒī„ĸī„ēī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„ī„ļī„ģī„ĩī…„ ī„ĩī„ī…‚ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ĩī…žī„ēī…„ ī…ƒī„œī…žī„   ī„ĸī…‚ī„“ī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ ī…„ī„›ī„Ŧī…„ ī„’ī„¸ī…‚ī„ž ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„¯ī…‡ī„šī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ģī…‚ī„ē-ī„ĩī„ē ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„œī„ļī„ŋ ī„ĸī…‹ī„ŋī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„žī„ĩ /ī„ ī„ī„ĩ
â€ĸ ī…ƒī„ŗī…žī„Ĩī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„˛ī…‚ī„ī„§ī…‡ ī„ĸī…‹ ī„ĩī„›ī„šī„Ž ī„´ī…œī„Ēī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„ĸī…Œ ī„ĩī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
â€ĸ ī…ƒī„ĩī…œī„ī…‚ī„ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„ēī…‹ī„Ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ĩ ī„œī…‡ī…ƒī„§ī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī…ƒī„ī…žī„­ī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  , ī„¯ī…ˆī„§ī…† ī„žī„ĩī…‡ī„ļī…† ī„ĸī…„ī„¸ī„Ž ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…Ĩī„Ēī…„ī„›îĨĄ
ī„œī„ĩī„Ē ī„ļ
â€ĸ ī„ļī…žī„›ī„ŋ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Ēī…‚ī„ŋī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Ēī…‚ī„ļī„ąī…žī„­ ī„­ī„ŋī„›ī„Š ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ēī„ŽîĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ēī„ĩī„ļ ī„ĩ ī…Ĩī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī„šī…‚ī„ļī…„, ī„‘ī„›ī„ēī„ĩ ī„˛ī„ī„Ēī…„ ī„ī…‚ī„“ī„Ž ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ēī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ķŊ†ĒķŊ†ĢķŊ†Ŧī„¯ī…œī„ĸ ī„ąī…„ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„ē ī„ž ī„ ī„Ŧ ī„´ī…‹ī„ī„Ŧ ī„Ž
1. ī„ēī…žī…ƒī„˛ī„’ī„  ī„ĩī„› ī„¯ī„Ą ī„Š:ī„•ī„ģ ī„¯ī…œī„ĸī…‚ī„ą ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„¯ī…ˆī„§ī…† ī„ĩī…œī„¯ī„ĩī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī…œī„˛ī…‚ī„ļī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„
ī„ĸī„ŋī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ĸī…‹ī„ŋī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
2. ī„Ž ī„  ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĸī„šī„Ž:ī„ļ, ī…ƒī„ ī„ŗī„Ĩī…‚, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…žī„¯ ī„ĩī„ī…‡ ī„ēī…‚ī„ž ī„˛ī…œī„ī„ŋī…‚ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„ī…žī„­ī…‡ ī„ĩī„ī…‡ ī„Žī…‚ī„ ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„•ī„Ēī„šī…‚ī…ƒī„ģī„Ē
ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
3. ī„›ī„ģ ī„Šī…„ ī„ēī……ī„Š ī„•ī„Š :ī„¨ī…žī„§ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„“ī…žī„›ī„Ēī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ ī„ĩī„ī…‡ ī„ēī…‚ī„ž ī„ī…‚ī„Ģī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„‘ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ēī…ƒī„ŗī„› ī„ī…„ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‡
ī„ģī„Ž, ī„ĸī…‹ ī„ŗī…ī…ƒī„œī„› ī„ĩī…œī„¯ī„ĩī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„žī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
4. ī„‘ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ēī…ƒī„ŗī„› ī…Ĩī„ī„Ĩ  :ī…ƒī„Ŧī„ļī„ĩī……ī„ąī…‚, ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…œī„ī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„“ī…žī„›ī„Ēī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ ī„˛ī„ī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ĩī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„ĸī…‹
ī„‘ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ēī…ƒī„ŗī„› ī„ģī…ī„ļ ī„Žī…†ī…œ 
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
5. ī„Žī„¸ī…„ī„Žī„Ē ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„´ī…‹ī„ĸī„Ž:ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„¯ī…œī„ĸī…‚ī„ąī…„ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„ēī…‚ī„ž ī„ģī……ī„Š ī„’ī„­ī……ī…ƒī„Žī„› ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ē ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ĩī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž,
ī„ĸī…‹ ī„ĩī…œī„¯ī„ĩī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī„ļī…„ ī„šī…‰ī„ļī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī…ƒī„ŗī„ļī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
펊¨ķˇŠŠī…ƒī„ēī…žī„Ĩ
ī„¯ī…œī„ĸī…‚ī„ą ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„ēī…‚ī„ž ī…ƒī„ēī„ĩī…€ ī„ēī…œī„ī…„ī„Ēī„› ī„ēī…‚ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„¸ī…žī„­ ī„ģī„Ž - ī„“ī„ģ ī„œī……ī„šī…„, ī„šī„ĩī„­ī…‚, ī„ģī…‚ī„ēī…‡-ī„ŗī„žī…‚ī„› ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ļī„ļī…‡ī„¯ī„Š ī„Ŧī…‡
ī…ƒī„ĸī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…Ĩī„Ēī…„ī„› ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„˛ī…œī„ī„ŋī…‡ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ ī„ļī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„ļī…‡ ī„ļ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ļī…‰  ī„ŗī„Žī……ī…ž ī„œī…„ ī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī„Žī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ī…†ī…œī„ĸī„Ŧī…„ ī„ĩī…†ī„ģī…‚ī„Žī…„ ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…œī„ī…„ ī„Ēī…žī„›,
ī„ģī„ĩ ī„ēī…‚ī„ž ī„¯ī…œī„ĸī…‚ī„ą ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ĩī…†ī„ģ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Ĩī……ī„›ī„ŋī…‚ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„”ī„žī…„2ī…ƒī„ēī„›ī„šī…‚.ī„›ī…‚ī…žī„ŗ
"ī„“ī„ģ ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…ƒī„Ŧī„‘ī„› ī„•ī„Ŧī…‡ī„š ī„ ī„ļī„” ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ž ī„Ž ī„ļ ī…ƒī„Ēī„’ī„ĩ ī„Ē ī…ƒī„ī„’ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ĸī„ĩ ī„Ēī……ī„ģ ī„Žī…†ī…œ  ī„ī„ļī„Ēī…„
ī„Žī„žī„ĩ ī„’ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸ ī„ ī„Ēī……ī„ģ ī„§ī…‡ ī„ļ  ī„ē ī„‘ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„Ē ī„ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…„ ī„°ī…„ī„§ī„ąī…‰ī„› ī„ē ī„ī„Ŗī…„ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„ąī…‡ī…ƒī„Ŗī„ĸī„›
ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī„ēī…†ī„ē ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ"